Rapid HIV Testing for Emergency Department Patients
| Status: | Completed |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | HIV / AIDS, Hospital |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Immunology / Infectious Diseases, Other |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 18 - 64 |
| Updated: | 2/8/2015 |
| Start Date: | July 2004 |
| End Date: | June 2009 |
| Contact: | Roland C Merchant, MD, MPH, ScD |
| Email: | rmerchant@lifespan.org |
| Phone: | 401-444-5109 |
The purpose of this study is to test data collection options in emergency departments (EDs)
and to enhance ED patient awareness of the risk of HIV infection.
and to enhance ED patient awareness of the risk of HIV infection.
Rapid HIV testing is a new technology that speeds receipt of HIV test results. Its use in
EDs has been demonstrated, but patient acceptance of rapid testing in the ED has not been
optimal. It is likely that the low acceptance is partially due to ED patients not realizing
the risk of acquiring an HIV infection or the importance of knowing their HIV status. The
purpose of this study is to test data collection options in EDs and to enhance ED patient
awareness of the risk for HIV infection.
This three phase study will take place at the Rhode Island Hospital Emergency Department.
Each participant will be followed for the duration of their ED visit.
In Phase I, the proportion of participants who are willing to undergo rapid HIV testing in
the ED will be measured. Additionally, the HIV testing history of these participants, their
reasons for undergoing testing or for never having been tested for HIV, and factors
associated with acceptance or decline of testing and history of HIV testing will be
determined. An educational video will be developed and used to investigate its effectiveness
in convincing participants to have the rapid HIV test. All participants agreeing to undergo
a rapid HIV test will receive a survey to complete.
In Phase II, a questionnaire and feedback tool to make participants aware of their risk for
an HIV infection through injection drug use and sex will be developed and investigated.
In Phase III, the questionnaire and feedback tool developed in Phase II will be used to
determine whether or not making participants aware of their risk for an HIV infection
increases their acceptance of being tested for HIV in the ED. Participants in Arm 1 will
receive the questionnaire and feedback tool while participants in Arm 2 will not.
EDs has been demonstrated, but patient acceptance of rapid testing in the ED has not been
optimal. It is likely that the low acceptance is partially due to ED patients not realizing
the risk of acquiring an HIV infection or the importance of knowing their HIV status. The
purpose of this study is to test data collection options in EDs and to enhance ED patient
awareness of the risk for HIV infection.
This three phase study will take place at the Rhode Island Hospital Emergency Department.
Each participant will be followed for the duration of their ED visit.
In Phase I, the proportion of participants who are willing to undergo rapid HIV testing in
the ED will be measured. Additionally, the HIV testing history of these participants, their
reasons for undergoing testing or for never having been tested for HIV, and factors
associated with acceptance or decline of testing and history of HIV testing will be
determined. An educational video will be developed and used to investigate its effectiveness
in convincing participants to have the rapid HIV test. All participants agreeing to undergo
a rapid HIV test will receive a survey to complete.
In Phase II, a questionnaire and feedback tool to make participants aware of their risk for
an HIV infection through injection drug use and sex will be developed and investigated.
In Phase III, the questionnaire and feedback tool developed in Phase II will be used to
determine whether or not making participants aware of their risk for an HIV infection
increases their acceptance of being tested for HIV in the ED. Participants in Arm 1 will
receive the questionnaire and feedback tool while participants in Arm 2 will not.
Inclusion Criteria:
- English-speaking
- Subcritical illness or injury
Exclusion Criteria:
- Critical illness or injury
- Mental or physical disability
- Known HIV infection
- Participation in an HIV vaccine study
- Prison inmate
- Acute psychiatric illness that, in the opinion of the investigator, would prevent the
participant from completing the study
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