The Development of Categorization
| Status: | Completed |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | Cognitive Studies, Healthy Studies |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Psychiatry / Psychology, Other |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 1 - 3 |
| Updated: | 9/15/2018 |
| Start Date: | December 14, 1999 |
| End Date: | May 23, 2012 |
It is commonly believed that objects in the world can be categorized in at least three
different ways or levels. The three levels are basic, superordinate, and subordinate.
Previously it was believed that basic categorization presents a cognitive (mental) advantage
to children's development. However, recent studies on superordinate categorization has
challenged this belief.
1.Items in superordinate are grouped according to functional purpose, even though
they may not share any similarities in how they look (perception). For instance, desks,
chairs, and beds do not appear similar but they can be group together in the
superordinate category of furniture.
2.Items in basic categorization share similarities in function and in perception. For
instance, chairs can be considered as a basic category. Chairs can share functional and
perceptual similarities with many kinds of chairs but are readily distinguished from
other types of furniture like beds or desks.
3.Subordinate categories are subsets of basic categories. For instance, kitchen
chairs, desk chairs, and high chairs, are all within the basic category of chairs. Each
one is very similar in it's function to the others but is definitely discriminable.
This study was developed to investigate the development of categorization at all three levels
by using a design in which children between the ages of 1 and 3 years are tested for
categorization at all three levels with sets of objects from the same domain (such as vehicle
or fruit). Researchers plan to chart when infants develop categorization at the basic,
subordinate, and superordinate levels over the two-year period....
different ways or levels. The three levels are basic, superordinate, and subordinate.
Previously it was believed that basic categorization presents a cognitive (mental) advantage
to children's development. However, recent studies on superordinate categorization has
challenged this belief.
1.
they may not share any similarities in how they look (perception). For instance, desks,
chairs, and beds do not appear similar but they can be group together in the
superordinate category of furniture.
2.
instance, chairs can be considered as a basic category. Chairs can share functional and
perceptual similarities with many kinds of chairs but are readily distinguished from
other types of furniture like beds or desks.
3.
chairs, desk chairs, and high chairs, are all within the basic category of chairs. Each
one is very similar in it's function to the others but is definitely discriminable.
This study was developed to investigate the development of categorization at all three levels
by using a design in which children between the ages of 1 and 3 years are tested for
categorization at all three levels with sets of objects from the same domain (such as vehicle
or fruit). Researchers plan to chart when infants develop categorization at the basic,
subordinate, and superordinate levels over the two-year period.
The major objective of this research is to better understand the functional significance of
object categorization in early development. The proposed work is designed to examine the
emergence of organization in toddlers internal representations of real-world categories such
as furniture and fruit. Representation, in this capacity, refers simply to stored information
that can influence later behavior. Categorization refers to the treatment of discriminable as
equivalent in some way.
Even young infants appear capable of categorizing diverse sets of discriminable patterns and
objects, and can form internal representations of such bounded collections. Much less is
known, however, about changes leading from this basic capacity to the highly structured
concepts that are characteristics of children s and adults category knowledge. The present
research is designed to characterize the course of these changes between infancy and
childhood.
The primary research strategy to be used consists of analyzing toddlers examination and
manipulation of familiar objects that are similar within adult-defined categories than
between such categories. The organization and temporal structure of children s actions on the
objects will be coded and analyzed to infer the similarity relations that are perceived among
of each stimulus set.
object categorization in early development. The proposed work is designed to examine the
emergence of organization in toddlers internal representations of real-world categories such
as furniture and fruit. Representation, in this capacity, refers simply to stored information
that can influence later behavior. Categorization refers to the treatment of discriminable as
equivalent in some way.
Even young infants appear capable of categorizing diverse sets of discriminable patterns and
objects, and can form internal representations of such bounded collections. Much less is
known, however, about changes leading from this basic capacity to the highly structured
concepts that are characteristics of children s and adults category knowledge. The present
research is designed to characterize the course of these changes between infancy and
childhood.
The primary research strategy to be used consists of analyzing toddlers examination and
manipulation of familiar objects that are similar within adult-defined categories than
between such categories. The organization and temporal structure of children s actions on the
objects will be coded and analyzed to infer the similarity relations that are perceived among
of each stimulus set.
- INCLUSION CRITERIA:
Infants must be healthy.
Normal pregnancy/delivery status, term birth (plus or minus 14 days from due date), and no
evidence of subsequent visual impairments or neurological disorders.
We found this trial at
1
site
9000 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, Maryland 20892
Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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