GLP 1 for Intraoperative Glycemic Control

Inclusion Criteria:

1. male or female age (18-80 years),

2. ability to provide informed consent,

3. elective CABG with or without single or multivalve repair or replacement, and/ or

4. single or multivalve repair or replacement requiring CPB and sternotomy (to include
subjects who are undergoing first time or redo cardiac surgery).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. concomitant surgery (e.g. carotid endarterectomy),

2. emergent surgery,

3. current steroid use,

4. insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM),

5. cardiac surgery without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (e.g. off-pump CABG),

6. current use of positive intravenous inotropic agents,

7. serious intercurrent illness (endocarditis, sepsis, active malignancy requiring
treatment) or active infection,

8. known substance abuse,

9. receipt of an investigational drug or device within 30 days prior to surgery,

10. known allergy to any of the following: GLP-1, fentanyl, midazolam, isoflurane,
propofol, morphine, heparin or protamine,

11. Sulfonylurea medication administration on morning of surgery (such as, tolbutamide,
tolazamide (Tolinase), chlorpropamide (Diabinese). glipizide (Glucotrol, Glucotrol
XL), glyburide (Micronase, Glynase PresTabs, and DiaBeta), glimepiride (Amaryl),

12. Major end organ dysfunction defined as:

1. Cardiac: Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 30% by left ventriculography
or echocardiogram (within 90 days prior to randomization), current use of
positive intravenous inotropic agents, preoperative use of intra-aortic balloon
pump (IABP), left ventricular assist device (LVAD), or extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation (ECMO);

2. Renal: preoperative serum Creatinine > 2.0 mg/dL;

3. Hepatic: aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine transferase (ALT) > 2.5 x
upper limit normal;

4. Hematologic: preoperative hematocrit (HCT) < 30%, platelet count < 100,000/mm3,
history of (or family history of) bleeding or clotting disorder;

13. Patients with a history of or risk factors for acute pancreatitis (i.e. ethanol abuse,
gall stones) will be excluded from this study,

14. Pregnant or breastfeeding females, or

15. any other condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, may compromise the
safety of the subject or would preclude the subject from successful completion of the
study.