The Intravascular Cooling in the Treatment of Stroke 2/3 Trial

A stroke is usually caused by a blockage in one of the arteries that carries blood to the
brain. Research has shown that tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)—a naturally occurring
protein that opens blocked arteries by dissolving blood clots — activates the body's ability
to dissolve recently formed blood clots and reduces or prevents the brain damage caused by a
stroke.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the use of tPA for people having a
stroke when taken within 3 hours of stroke onset.

Researchers believe that a lower body temperature (hypothermia) may be beneficial while a
stroke is happening because hypothermia may prevent further brain injury, or may make the
stroke less damaging.

Patients will receive a standard stroke evaluation, which includes blood tests, a computed
tomography (CT) scan, complete physical and neurological examinations, and an
electrocardiogram (EKG) to determine eligibility for the study.

There are two study groups - tPA alone or tPA with cooling (hypothermia). Participants will
be randomly assigned to one of the two study groups. Length of participation (including
observation after the patient leaves the hospital) is 90 days.

This study is part of the Specialized Program of Translational Research in Acute Stroke
(SPOTRIAS), which allows researchers to enhance and initiate translational research that
ultimately will benefit stroke patients by treating more patients in less than 2 hours, and
finding ways to treat additional patients later.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 22 to 82 years old inclusive

2. Patient receiving IV rt-PA using standard guidelines (Appendix II) Page 23

3. NIHSS score ≥ 7 and ≤ 20 (right hemisphere) or ≥ 7 and ≤ 24 (left hemisphere) at the
time of randomization

4. Pre-stroke mRS 0-1

5. Able to begin endovascular phase of hypothermia within 2 hours of tPA completion

6. Written Informed Consent, signed and dated by the patient (or patient's authorized
representative)

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Etiology other than ischemic stroke

2. Item 1a on NIHSS > 1 at the time of randomization

3. Clinical symptoms consistent with brainstem or cerebellar stroke

4. Classic lacunar syndrome with imaging confirmation of small deep ischemia, but
randomization will not be delayed for neuroimaging other than initial scan to exclude
hemorrhage

5. Known contraindications to hypothermia, such as known hematologic dyscrasias that
affect thrombosis (cryoglobulinemia, Sickle cell disease, serum cold agglutinins), or
vasospastic disorders such as Raynaud's or thromboangiitis obliterans

6. Known co-morbid conditions that are likely to complicate therapy in the opinion of
the investigator, e.g., i. Heart failure (NYHA class III and IV)* ii. Uncompensated
arrhythmia iii. Severe Liver disease iv. History of pelvic or abdominal mass likely
to compress inferior vena cava v. IVC filters vi. HIV positive vii. Clinically active
hypo or hyperthyroidism viii. Renal insufficiency likely to impair meperidine
clearance ix. Chronic ethanol abuse

7. Pregnancy (All women of child-bearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test,
urine or blood, prior to therapy.)

8. Medical conditions likely to interfere with patient assessment.

9. Known allergy to meperidine or buspirone

10. Currently taking or used within previous 14 days MAO-I class of medication.

11. Life expectancy < 6 months

12. Not likely to be available for long-term follow-up

13. Use, or planned use, of intra-arterial thrombolysis, mechanical clot removal, or
other experimental or approved acute therapy for this stroke event

14. Chest radiograph or clinical presentation suggestive of pneumonia at baseline.

15. Temperature upon admission greater than or equal to 38°C