Sirolimus, Cyclosporine, and Mycophenolate Mofetil in Preventing Graft-versus-Host Disease in Treating Patients With Blood Cancer Undergoing Donor Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplant

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine whether the incidence of acute GVHD grades II-IV can be reduced to less than
the historical rate of 70% with the triple-immunosuppressant combination of cyclosporine
(CSP)/mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) with sirolimus in human leukocyte antigens (HLA) class I or
class II mismatched related or unrelated donor hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) using
nonmyeloablative conditioning. The evaluation will be carried out separately among class I
and class II mismatched patients.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To evaluate the incidence of non-relapse mortality before day 100.

II. To evaluate the incidences of grades III-IV acute GVHD.

OUTLINE:

CONDITIONING: Patients receive fludarabine phosphate intravenously (IV) over 30 minutes on
days -4 to -2. Patients also undergo total-body irradiation on day 0.

TRANSPLANTATION: Patients undergo allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.

IMMUNOSUPPRESSION: Patients receive sirolimus orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days -3 to 180
with taper to day 365; cyclosporine PO twice daily (BID) on days -3 to 150 with taper to day
180; and mycophenolate mofetil PO thrice daily (TID) on days 0-30 and then BID to day 100
with taper to day 150.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 6 months and every year
thereafter.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Ages > 50 years with hematologic malignancies treatable by related or unrelated HCT

- Ages =< 50 years of age with hematologic diseases treatable by allogeneic HCT who
through pre-existing medical conditions or prior therapy are considered to be at high
risk for regimen related toxicity associated with a high dose transplant (> 40% risk
of transplant-related mortality [TRM]); this criterion can include patients with a
HCT-comorbidity index (CI) score of >= 1; transplants should be approved for these
inclusion criteria by the principal investigators at the collaborating centers and at
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC); all children < 12 years must be
discussed with the FHCRC principal investigator (PI) prior to registration

- Ages =< 50 years of age with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

- Ages =< 50 years of age with hematologic diseases treatable by allogeneic HCT who
refuse a high-dose HCT; transplants must be approved for these inclusion criteria by
the principal investigators at the collaborating centers and at FHCRC

- Aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) and other histologies such as diffuse large B
cell NHL: not eligible for autologous HCT, not eligible for high-dose allogeneic HCT,
or after failed autologous HCT

- Mantle cell NHL: may be treated in first complete remission (CR); (diagnostic lumbar
puncture [LP] required pre-transplant)

- Low grade NHL: with < 6 month duration of CR between courses of conventional therapy

- CLL: must have either 1) failed to meet National Cancer Institute (NCI) Working Group
criteria for complete or partial response after therapy with a regimen containing
fludarabine (FLU) (or another nucleoside analog, e.g. cladribine [2-CDA], pentostatin)
or experience disease relapse within 12 months after completing therapy with a regimen
containing FLU (or another nucleoside analog); 2) failed FLU-cyclophosphamide
(CY)-Rituximab (FCR) combination chemotherapy at any time point; or 3) have "17p
deletion" cytogenetic abnormality; patients should have received induction
chemotherapy but could be transplanted in first (1st) CR; 4) patients with a diagnosis
of CLL (or small lymphocytic lymphoma) that progresses to prolymphocytic leukemia
(PLL); or 5) patients with T-cell CLL or PLL

- Hodgkin lymphoma: must have received and failed frontline therapy

- Multiple myeloma: must have received prior chemotherapy; consolidation of chemotherapy
by autografting prior to nonmyeloablative HCT is permitted

- Acute myeloid leukemia (AML): must have < 5% marrow blasts at the time of transplant

- Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL): must have < 5% marrow blasts at the time of
transplant

- Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML): patients in chronic phase 1 (CP1) must have failed or
be intolerant of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs); patients beyond CP1 will be
accepted if they have < 5% marrow blasts at time of transplant

- Myelodysplasia (MDS)/myeloproliferative syndrome (MPS): patients must have < 5% marrow
blasts at time of transplant

- Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia: must have failed 2 courses of therapy

- Patients with related or unrelated donors for whom the best available donor is: a)
mismatched at antigen level for any single class I locus (HLA-A, -B, -C) +/- an
additional class I mismatch at the allele level OR mismatched at the allele level for
any 2 class I loci (if typed at the molecular level) OR mismatched at the antigen or
allele level for class II loci HLA-DRB1 and/or - DQB1; must be matched for at least
one DRB1 allele and one DQB1 allele; b) there is a likelihood of rapid disease
progression while HLA typing and results of a preliminary search and the donor pool
suggests that a 10/10 HLA-A, B, C, DRB1 and DQB1 matched donor will not be found; c)
there is no HLA-A, -B or -C one locus allelic mismatched donor available

- DONOR: Related or unrelated volunteer donors who are mismatched with the recipient
within one of the following limitations:

- Mismatch for one HLA class I antigen with or without an additional mismatch for
one HLA-class I allele, but matched for HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQ, OR

- Mismatched for two HLA class I alleles, but matched for HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQ, OR

- HLA class I HLA-A, -B, -C allele matched donors allowing for any one or two DRB1
and/or DQB1 antigen allele mismatch

- DONOR: HLA-matching must be based on results of high resolution typing at HLA-A, -B,
-C, -DRB1, and -DQB

- DONOR: If the patient is homozygous at the mismatch HLA class I locus or II locus, the
donor must be heterozygous at that locus and one allele must match the patient (i.e.,
patient is homozygous A*01:01 and donor is heterozygous A*01:01, A*02:01); this
mismatch will be considered a one-antigen mismatch for rejection only

- DONOR: Donors are excluded when preexisting immunoreactivity is identified that would
jeopardize donor hematopoietic cell engraftment; this determination is based on the
standard practice of the individual institution; the donor should be excluded if any
of the flow cytometric B and T cell cytotoxic cross match assays are positive

- DONOR: Only filgrastim (G-CSF) mobilized PBSC only will be permitted as a
hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) source on this protocol

Exclusion Criteria:

- Patients for whom the best available donor is mismatched at both HLA class I and class
II

- A positive cross-match exists between the donor and recipient

- Patients with rapidly progressive intermediate or high grade NHL

- Patients with a diagnosis of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML)

- Patients with refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB)-2 who have not received
myelosuppressive chemotherapy i.e. induction chemotherapy

- Presence of circulating leukemic blasts (in the peripheral blood) detected by standard
pathology for patients with AML, ALL or CML

- Presence of >= 5% circulating leukemic blasts (in the peripheral blood) detected by
standard pathology for patients with MDS/MPS

- Central nervous system (CNS) involvement with disease refractory to intrathecal
chemotherapy

- Fertile men or women unwilling to use contraceptives during and for up to 12 months
following treatment

- Female patients who are pregnant or breast-feeding

- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients

- Patients with active non-hematologic malignancies (except non-melanoma skin cancers)
or those with non-hematologic malignancies (except non-melanoma skin cancers) who have
been rendered with no evidence of disease, but have a greater than 20% chance of
having disease recurrence within 5 years; this exclusion does not apply to patients
with non-hematologic malignancies that do not require therapy

- Fungal infections with radiological progression after receipt of amphotericin B or
active triazole for greater than 1 month

- Patients with active bacterial or fungal infections unresponsive to medical therapy

- Cardiac ejection fraction < 35% (or, if unable to obtain ejection fraction, shortening
fraction of < 26%); ejection fraction is required if the patient is > 50 years of age,
or history of cardiac disease or anthracycline exposure; patients with a shortening
fraction < 26% may be enrolled if approved by a cardiologist

- Corrected diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO) < 40%, total lung capacity
(TLC) < 40%, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) < 40% and/or receiving
supplementary continuous oxygen; if unable to perform complete pulmonary function
tests (PFTs), patients will be excluded if their oxygen saturation is < 95% with a
formal six-minute walk test (ambulatory oximetry)

- The FHCRC PI of the study must approve of enrollment of all patients with pulmonary
nodules

- Patients with clinical or laboratory evidence of liver disease would be evaluated for
the cause of liver disease, its clinical severity in terms of liver function, and the
degree of portal hypertension; patients will be excluded if they are found to have
fulminant liver failure, cirrhosis of the liver with evidence of portal hypertension,
alcoholic hepatitis, esophageal varices, a history of bleeding esophageal varices,
hepatic encephalopathy, uncorrectable hepatic synthetic dysfunction evinced by
prolongation of the prothrombin time, ascites related to portal hypertension, bridging
fibrosis, bacterial or fungal liver abscess, biliary obstruction, chronic viral
hepatitis with total serum bilirubin > 3 mg/dL, or symptomatic biliary disease

- Patients with poorly controlled hypertension on multiple antihypertensives

- Karnofsky scores < 60 or Lansky score < 50

- All patients receiving antifungal therapy voriconazole, posaconazole, or fluconazole
must have sirolimus reduced according to the Standard Practice Antifungal Therapy
Guidelines

- The addition of cytotoxic agents for "cytoreduction" with the exception of tyrosine
kinase inhibitors (such as imatinib), cytokine therapy, hydroxyurea, low dose
cytarabine, chlorambucil, or Rituxan will not be allowed within three weeks of the
initiation of conditioning

- DONOR: Donor (or centers) who will exclusively donate marrow

- DONOR: Donors who are HIV-positive and/or, medical conditions that would result in
increased risk for G-CSF mobilization and harvest of PBSC

- DONOR: Patients who are homozygous at the mismatched HLA class I locus or II locus,
the donor is excluded if homozygous at the mismatched locus (i.e., patient is
homozygous A*01:01 and donor is homozygous A*02:01); this type of mismatch is
considered a two-antigen mismatch and is not allowed