Evaluation of Salivary Gland Dysfunction

This study will evaluate patients with complaints of dry mouth to determine the cause and
severity of their salivary gland dysfunction and their possible eligibility for other NIDCR
protocols. Salivary gland secretions have antibacterial, lubricatory, remineralizing,
digestive, buffering and cleansing properties. Impaired function of these glands can cause
an increase in tooth decay; a variety of oral hard and soft tissue changes, with painful,
burning, or ulcerated oral mucosal; problems chewing, swallowing, and speaking; and
diminished taste and smell.

Patients with dry mouth complaints suggestive of salivary gland dysfunction may be eligible
for this study. In addition, patients with recent onset of arthritis may enroll. Patients
with arthritis are at risk for developing a disorder called Sjogren's syndrome, in which the
glands that produce saliva may be damaged.

Participants will have a complete medical and dental history. Saliva samples will be
collected from the major salivary glands, which are located in the cheeks and under the jaw.
Several blood samples will also be drawn for tests. Some patients will have a biopsy of the
minor salivary glands, usually from the lower lip, to confirm or rule out the diagnosis of
Sjogren's syndrome and determine the extent of changes in the salivary glands. The ability
to taste and smell may also be evaluated, and patients may have an ultrasound examination of
their swallowing function.