Diagnostic Algorithm in Suspected Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis
| Status: | Completed |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | Cardiology |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Cardiology / Vascular Diseases |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 18 - Any |
| Updated: | 5/27/2013 |
| Start Date: | March 2010 |
| End Date: | July 2012 |
| Contact: | Pieter Willem Kamphuisen, MD, PhD |
| Email: | P.W.Kamphuisen@amc.uva.nl |
| Phone: | 0031-205666008 |
Safety and Feasibility of a Diagnostic Algorithm Combining Clinical Probability, D-dimer Test and Ultrasonography in Suspected Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis: a Prospective Management Study
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the arm, officially called upper extremity DVT is a rare
disorder and accounts for up to 1-4% of all cases of deep vein thrombosis. In case of a
thrombosis, there is a blood clot in one of the veins, which should be treated with blood
thinners (anticoagulants). The aim of the present study is to see whether it is safe to use
a combination of tests for the diagnosis of arm thrombosis. In all patients, we will use a
clinical decision rule (clinical judgement) and a laboratory test (D-dimer testing), in most
patients also an ultrasound of the arm will be done. The combination of these tests was
found to be safe and effective in patients with thrombosis of the legs.
Consecutive patients with clinically suspected upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT)
are potentially eligible for the study. Patients will be categorized as likely or unlikely
to have UEDVT based on a clinical decision rule (CDR). Patients "unlikely" for UEDVT based
on the CDR and with normal D-dimer levels will not receive anticoagulant treatment and will
be followed-up for 3 months. All patients with a likely CDR or patients with an unlikely CDR
combined with elevated D-dimer levels will undergo ultrasonography. In case of an
indeterminate ultrasonography result, ultrasonography testing will be repeated 3-5 days
later. The same applies for patients with a negative ultrasound and the combination of a
high probability and elevated D-dimer levels. Anticoagulants will be withheld in all
patients for whom UEDVT will be excluded by the initial diagnostic work-up.
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients from the emergency department, in and out patient clinic with clinically
suspected upper extremity deep vein thrombosis
Exclusion Criteria:
- No informed consent obtained
- Legal age limitation (country specific)
- Use of anticoagulants in therapeutic dosages longer than 24 hours prior to
randomisation
- Prior vein thrombosis in the same arm
- Life expectancy < 3 months
- Haemodynamic instability
- Previous participation in the study
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