Dexmedetomidine and Propofol in Children With History of Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Patients with OSA are at risk for airway obstruction (a condition that makes it difficult to
breath) during sedation and anesthesia. Dexmedetomidine and propofol are safe and effective
drugs regularly used by anesthesiologists. These drugs are used to put patients to sleep for
operations and certain studies like MRI scans. However, there have been no studies describing
the effects these drugs have on the upper airway of children, adolescents, and young adults
with OSA.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with documented history of OSA by polysomnography who require anesthesia for
MRI sleep study or MRI brain imaging study.

2. Subjects must be 12 months to 25 years of age (inclusive)

3. Either the subject (if subject's age is 18-25) or the subject's legally authorized
representative has given written informed consent to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

1. The subject has life-threatening medical conditions (American Society of
Anesthesiologists Physical Status 4, 5 or 6). The American Society of
Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification scale is a measure of physical status or how
healthy the patient is. For our study, we will focus on children which are defined as
ASA I, II or III which means a healthy child (ASA I), a child with a systemic disease
that is mild and well controlled (ASA II) or a child with systemic disease that is
severe and controlled (ASA III).

2. The subject is allergic to or has a contraindication to propofol or dexmedetomidine.

3. The subject has a tracheostomy or other mechanical airway device

4. The subject is not scheduled to receive anesthesia-sedation care for the MRI

5. The subject has a history or a family (parent or sibling) history of malignant
hyperthermia.