Characterization of the Early Sex Hormone Milieu Post Injury and Relationship With Resuscitation Requirements and Coagulopathy

Traumatic injury is a major public health problem with an immense societal cost. Despite
improvements in trauma management, patients continue to suffer significant morbidity and
mortality. Evidence suggests that males and females tolerate severe injury differently with
a greater protection afforded to females. Determining the mechanisms responsible for these
sex-based outcome differences after injury, focusing specifically on the early sex-hormone
environment post-injury, may allow those at highest risk for poor outcome to be predicted
and promote interventions that can improve outcomes for all injured patients. The goal of
this study is to determine if the early sex hormone environment soon after injury has
effects on the intensity of the immune response, resuscitation and blood transfusion
requirements, and important clinical outcomes including mortality, organ failure and
infection, following significant injury.