FMRI of Stress and Addictive Disorders
| Status: | Active, not recruiting |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | Psychiatric, Gastrointestinal, Pulmonary |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Gastroenterology, Psychiatry / Psychology, Pulmonary / Respiratory Diseases |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 13 - 50 |
| Updated: | 4/21/2016 |
| Start Date: | August 2005 |
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Stress and Addictive Disorders
The purpose of this study is to explore whether frontal brain activation in response to
stress varies as a function of the presence or extent of early trauma and whether or not
this effect is greater in women compared to men. To examine the effect of stress on thinking
and remembering. To examine the separate and interactive effects of stress, addiction,
withdrawal, and genetics; and to examine fMRI brain activation associated with stressful,
reward-related-cue and neutral/relaxing audiotaped scripts,visual images and emotional video
clips in addicted individuals and in healthy controls.
stress varies as a function of the presence or extent of early trauma and whether or not
this effect is greater in women compared to men. To examine the effect of stress on thinking
and remembering. To examine the separate and interactive effects of stress, addiction,
withdrawal, and genetics; and to examine fMRI brain activation associated with stressful,
reward-related-cue and neutral/relaxing audiotaped scripts,visual images and emotional video
clips in addicted individuals and in healthy controls.
Inclusion Criteria:
- Between ages 13-50 years old (adolescents 13-17 years old)
- Able to read and write.
- COCAINE DEPENDENT SUBJECTS: meet DSM-IV criteria for cocaine dependence; report
current cocaine use of at least once a week or more; confirmation of cocaine use via
positive urine toxicology screen during initial assessments and upon admission to the
CNRU.
- OPIOID DEPENDENT SUBJECTS: meet DSM-IV criteria for opiate dependence and are
participating in substance abuse treatment including pharmacotherapy for opioid
dependence.
- ALCOHOL DEPENDENT SUBJECTS: meet DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence and are
currently abstinent from alcohol as documented by substance abuse treatment
participation.
- HEALTHY CONTROLS: negative urine toxicology screens during intake appointments
indicating no history of current or past dependence on alcohol or illicit drug use.
- Healthy adolescent boys and girls, with no medical or psychiatric conditions;
- WOMEN: have a regular menstrual cycle.
Exclusion Criteria:
- CONTROLS: lifetime or current history of any substance abuse/dependence (excluding
nicotine).
- Regular use of any psychoactive drugs including anxiolytics and antidepressants.
- Any significant current medical condition such as neurological, cardiovascular,
endocrine, renal, liver, thyroid pathology; subjects on medications for any medical
condition will be excluded.
- Any subjects with foreign ferromagnetic metal objects in their body or other MR
contraindications will be excluded including subjects who work as welders.
- Women on oral contraceptives, peri- and post-menopausal women, and pregnant or
lactating women (as alterations in stress response are associated with these states).
- IQ below 75
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