FK506 (Tacrolimus) in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
| Status: | Completed |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Cardiology / Vascular Diseases |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 18 - 70 |
| Updated: | 2/7/2015 |
| Start Date: | July 2012 |
| End Date: | July 2014 |
| Contact: | Val Scott, RN |
| Email: | valscott@stanford.edu |
| Phone: | (650) 725-8082 |
Single-Center Randomized Controlled Phase II Study of Safety and Efficacy of FK-506 (Tacrolimus) in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Mutations in bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) are present in >80% of familial
and ~20% of sporadic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients. Furthermore
dysfunctional BMP signaling is a general feature of pulmonary hypertension even in
non-familial PAH.
We therefore hypothesized that increasing BMP signaling might prevent and reverse the
disease. We screened > 3500 FDA approved drugs for their propensity to increase BMP
signaling and found FK506 (Tacrolimus) to be a strong activator of BMP signaling. Tacrolimus
restored normal function of pulmonary artery endothelial cells, prevented and reversed
experimental PAH in mice and rats.
Given that Tacrolimus is already FDA approved with a known side-effect profile, it is an
ideal candidate drug to use in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
The aims of our trial are:
1. Establish the Safety of FK506 in patients with PAH.
2. Evaluate the Efficacy of FK506 in PAH
3. Identify ideal candidates for future FK506 phase III clinical trial.
and ~20% of sporadic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients. Furthermore
dysfunctional BMP signaling is a general feature of pulmonary hypertension even in
non-familial PAH.
We therefore hypothesized that increasing BMP signaling might prevent and reverse the
disease. We screened > 3500 FDA approved drugs for their propensity to increase BMP
signaling and found FK506 (Tacrolimus) to be a strong activator of BMP signaling. Tacrolimus
restored normal function of pulmonary artery endothelial cells, prevented and reversed
experimental PAH in mice and rats.
Given that Tacrolimus is already FDA approved with a known side-effect profile, it is an
ideal candidate drug to use in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
The aims of our trial are:
1. Establish the Safety of FK506 in patients with PAH.
2. Evaluate the Efficacy of FK506 in PAH
3. Identify ideal candidates for future FK506 phase III clinical trial.
Study Design:
Randomized, placebo-controlled, four arm clinical trial.
Sample Size: 10 subjects in each arm, Total enrollment = 40 patients.
1. 10 patients: FK-506 blood level: 3 - 5 ng/ml
2. 10 patients: FK-506 blood level: 2 - 3 ng/ml
3. 10 patients: FK-506 level: < 2.0 ng/ml
4. 10 patients: Placebo
Study Duration:
16 weeks
Primary Endpoints:
1) Safety of low-dose FK506 in PAH
Secondary Objectives/Endpoints:
1. Combined Clinical Events/Time to Clinical Worsening @ 16 weeks:
- All cause mortality
- Transplantation
- Atrial septostomy
- Need for escalation of therapies as deemed by site investigator
- Worsening of NYHA/WHO classification by at least 1 point.
- Hospitalization for right heart failure.
2. Change in 6MWD at 16 weeks
3. Change in NT-Pro-BNP at 16 weeks
4. Change in Uric Acid at 16 weeks
5. Change in DLCO at 16 weeks
6. Change in novel RV parameters by transthoracic echocardiography: Change in RV size, RA
size, RV function, TAPSE, RVSP
Randomized, placebo-controlled, four arm clinical trial.
Sample Size: 10 subjects in each arm, Total enrollment = 40 patients.
1. 10 patients: FK-506 blood level: 3 - 5 ng/ml
2. 10 patients: FK-506 blood level: 2 - 3 ng/ml
3. 10 patients: FK-506 level: < 2.0 ng/ml
4. 10 patients: Placebo
Study Duration:
16 weeks
Primary Endpoints:
1) Safety of low-dose FK506 in PAH
Secondary Objectives/Endpoints:
1. Combined Clinical Events/Time to Clinical Worsening @ 16 weeks:
- All cause mortality
- Transplantation
- Atrial septostomy
- Need for escalation of therapies as deemed by site investigator
- Worsening of NYHA/WHO classification by at least 1 point.
- Hospitalization for right heart failure.
2. Change in 6MWD at 16 weeks
3. Change in NT-Pro-BNP at 16 weeks
4. Change in Uric Acid at 16 weeks
5. Change in DLCO at 16 weeks
6. Change in novel RV parameters by transthoracic echocardiography: Change in RV size, RA
size, RV function, TAPSE, RVSP
Inclusion Criteria:
1. Age ≥ 18 and < 70 years
2. Diagnosis of WHO Group I Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) (Idiopathic (I)PAH,
Heritable PAH (including Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia), Associated (A)PAH
(including collagen vascular disorders, drugs+toxins exposure, congenital heart
disease, and portopulmonary disease).
3. Stable on active PAH treatment including any prostacycline or phosphodiesterase
inhibitors and the endothelin antagonist Ambrisentan alone or in combination
(stability defined as: <10% change in 6MWD, no change in NYHA class, no
hospitalization or addition of PAH therapy for at least 3 months).
4. Previous Right Heart Catheterization that documented:
1. Mean PAP ≥ 25 mmHg.
2. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure < 15 mmHg.
3. Pulmonary Vascular Resistance ≥ 3.0 Wood units or 240 dynes/sec/cm5
5. WHO functional class I to IV as judged by the investigator.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. WHO Group II - V Pulmonary Hypertension.
2. Current or prior experimental PAH treatments within the last 6 months (including but
not limited to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, rho-kinase inhibitors, or cGMP
modulators).
3. Current active treatment with the dual endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan.
4. TLC < 60% predicted; if TLC b/w 60 and 70% predicted, high resolution computed
tomography must be available to exclude significant interstitial lung disease.
5. FEV1 / FVC < 70% predicted and FEV1 < 60% predicted
6. Significant left-sided heart disease (based on screening Echocardiogram):
1. Significant aortic or mitral valve disease
2. Diastolic dysfunction ≥ Grade II
3. LV systolic function < 45%
4. Pericardial constriction
5. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
6. Significant coronary disease with demonstrable ischemia.
7. Chronic renal insufficiency defined as an estimated creatinine clearance < 30 ml/min
(by MDRD equation).
8. Current atrial arrhythmias not under optimal control.
9. Uncontrolled systemic hypertension: SBP > 160 mm or DBP > 100mm
10. Severe hypotension: SBP < 80 mmHg.
11. Pregnant or breast-feeding.
12. Psychiatric, addictive, or other disorder that compromises patient's ability to
provide informed consent, follow study protocol, and adhere to treatment
instructions.
13. Active cyclosporine use.
14. Known allergy or hypersensitivity to FK-506.
15. Planned initiation of cardiac or pulmonary rehabilitation during period of study.
16. Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection.
17. Moderate to severe hepatic dysfunction with a Pugh score >10.
18. Hyperkalemia defined as Potassium > 5.1 mEq/L at screening .
19. Known active infection requiring antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral therapies.
20. Co-morbid conditions that would impair a patient's exercise performance and ability
to assess WHO functional class, including but not limited to chronic low-back pain or
peripheral musculoskeletal problems.
We found this trial at
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Stanford University Stanford University, located between San Francisco and San Jose in the heart of...
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