A Comparison of Tolterodine and Placebo Treatments on Nocturnal Frequency and Sleep Quality in Women After Menopause.

From midlife onwards, about half of women complain of poor sleep quality. One possible reason
might be an increased frequency of need to urinate during the night. Women feel more frequent
urges to urinate when structures that support the bladder become more lax. Tolterodine is a
drug that can raise the threshold for volume of urine that accumulates in the bladder before
the urge to urinate arises.

Many factors determine how people say they sleep, such as their sleep as recorded by
sleep-measuring instruments, how closely they notice their night's sleep, whether they are
generally prone to make positive or negative judgments or to have a lot or a few body
symptoms.

In this study, women between ages 45 to 65 who are past the menopause and who are frequently
bothered by the need to urinate during the night will take either tolterodine or placebo
tablets for 8 weeks. During the last week they will record the hours they slept and the
quality of their sleep each morning. They will wear a device on their wrist through the week
that continuously records whether they are asleep or awake. During three nights of the week
they will record the volume of urine whenever they urinate. At the end of the week they will
complete questionnaires about their mood and take some computerized tests that measure their
alertness. Thereafter they will repeat these procedures, taking the kind of tablets they did
not take during the first 8-week treatment period.

We will compare the frequency of urination, sleep, mood as adjusted for the tendency to make
positive or negative judgments and daytime attention level to find if any of these differ
between the two treatment periods, and to explain differences between any differences that
may be found.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Post-menopausal women, age 45 to 65 years old.

2. No menses for at least 6 months before the study start.

3. Have at least 14 episodes of nocturia per week.

4. Have at least 4 hot flashes daily.

5. Overall good health, as evidenced by a letter from the primary care provider.

6. Agree not to use exogenous hormones including soy isoflavones or soybean-based shakes,
or nutritional supplements that potentially reduce hot flashes.

7. Have discontinued all hormone treatments, systemic, topical, or vaginal, at least 60
days before admission and throughout participation in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Use of anti-cholinergic, hypnotic or sedating drugs

2. Presence of urinary retention, gastric retention, chronic severe constipation,or
narrow-angled glaucoma.

3. A urinary tract infection within a month of study start.

4. Undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding.

5. Benign or malignant liver disease.

6. History or presence of chronic alcoholism or medication addiction within the past 5
yrs.

7. An acute systemic infection within seven days before the study start.

8. Concurrent participation in another clinical trial and/or receiving an experimental
medication/device in the last 30 days before admission to the study.

9. History of shift work within the past 6 months.