Factors Affecting Methamphetamine and Opiates Drug Testing
| Status: | Completed |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | Healthy Studies |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Other |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 18 - 65 |
| Updated: | 3/24/2019 |
| Start Date: | July 19, 2012 |
| End Date: | January 31, 2014 |
Evidence-Based Drug Policy and Legislation: Amphetamines and Opiates in Blood, Oral Fluid and Urine Following Intranasal l-Methamphetamine and Oral Poppy Seeds
Background:
- Some legal over-the-counter drugs (such as Vicks VapoInhaler ) and some foods (such as
poppy seeds) may cause a positive screening drug test. This might look like someone used
illegal drugs (such as methamphetamines or opiates) when they did not. Researchers are
studying how the body handles chemicals that may test like illegal drugs and for how long
they may be detected in the body. Blood, saliva, and urine samples will be collected. This
study may help improve the effectiveness and accuracy of drug tests.
Objectives:
- To see how the body handles chemicals that may produce positive screening tests and how
additional testing can eliminate positive drug tests from over-the-counter drugs and food.
Eligibility:
- Healthy volunteers between 18 and 65 years of age.
Design:
- Participants are screened with a physical exam, medical history, laboratory tests, and
ECG.
- This study involves an overnight stay on a secure research unit and 2 days of tests.
- On the first day, participants will take Vicks VapoInhaler (two inhalations in each
nostril) every 2 hours from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. They will also take a drink containing
poppy seeds twice (at about 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.).
- On the morning of the second day, participants will take the Vicks VapoInhaler just
once. They will be discharged around 5 p.m.
- On both days, participants will provide blood and saliva samples several times
throughout the day. All of their urine will be collected during the 2 study days.
- Some legal over-the-counter drugs (such as Vicks VapoInhaler ) and some foods (such as
poppy seeds) may cause a positive screening drug test. This might look like someone used
illegal drugs (such as methamphetamines or opiates) when they did not. Researchers are
studying how the body handles chemicals that may test like illegal drugs and for how long
they may be detected in the body. Blood, saliva, and urine samples will be collected. This
study may help improve the effectiveness and accuracy of drug tests.
Objectives:
- To see how the body handles chemicals that may produce positive screening tests and how
additional testing can eliminate positive drug tests from over-the-counter drugs and food.
Eligibility:
- Healthy volunteers between 18 and 65 years of age.
Design:
- Participants are screened with a physical exam, medical history, laboratory tests, and
ECG.
- This study involves an overnight stay on a secure research unit and 2 days of tests.
- On the first day, participants will take Vicks VapoInhaler (two inhalations in each
nostril) every 2 hours from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. They will also take a drink containing
poppy seeds twice (at about 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.).
- On the morning of the second day, participants will take the Vicks VapoInhaler just
once. They will be discharged around 5 p.m.
- On both days, participants will provide blood and saliva samples several times
throughout the day. All of their urine will be collected during the 2 study days.
Objective: Two widely available legal products, Vicks VapoInhaler (lmethamphetamine with
trace amounts of d-methamphetamine) and poppy seeds (morphine and codeine) contain small
amounts of psychoactive substances that may generate positive tests for regulated drugs
conducted in forensic, workplace and drug abuse treatment settings. This study evaluates the
prevalence and duration of positive amphetamines and opiates drug tests in blood, oral fluid
(OF) and urine.
Study population: Up to 30 healthy adults without a history of clinically significant adverse
reactions to nasal or oral decongestants or stimulants, to oral opiates, or to poppy seeds,
buckwheat, hazelnuts, or sesame.
Design: This is an open-label, non-treatment study in which each participant spends two days
at NIDA IRP and the intervening night on the Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit (BPRU).
Vicks VapoInhaler (0.16-0.60 milligrams of l-methamphetamine and trace amounts of
d-methamphetamine) is administered intranasally every two hours for six doses from 9 am to 7
pm on the first day and a seventh dose at 6 am the second day. Food grade uncooked poppy
seeds (45 grams suspended in 500 milliliter of liquid) are administered orally at 9 am and 5
pm on the first day only.
Outcome measures: The primary outcome measures are prevalence of positive tests and windows
of drug detection (based on concentrations in the biological matrix) of methamphetamine,
l-amphetamine, morphine, and codeine in blood, OF, and urine. Secondary outcome measures are
1) performance of 2 OF collection devices (Quantisal and Oral-Eze) and an on-site OF
screening test (Draeger Drug Test 5000) in comparison to liquid chromatography-tandem mass
spectrometry (LCMSMS), and performance of urine screening test in comparison to gas
chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Performance parameters are prevalence of positive
tests at each time point, windows of drug detection, sensitivity, and specificity for
l-methamphetamine, l-amphetamine, morphine, and codeine in OF and urine. Cutoff
concentrations for each matrix are those specified in the Mandatory Guidelines for Federal
Workplace Drug Testing Programs; 2) detection of d-methamphetamine in any blood, OF and urine
specimen; and 3) time course of these analytes in blood for comparison to other matrices,
especially oral fluid/blood ratios.
Significance: These data are essential for establishing evidence-based drug policy and
legislation, for establishing oral fluid drug testing by the Substance Abuse and Mental
Health Services Administration, and for answering current questions about whether use of
these legal products could produce positive tests in federally mandated drug testing
programs.
trace amounts of d-methamphetamine) and poppy seeds (morphine and codeine) contain small
amounts of psychoactive substances that may generate positive tests for regulated drugs
conducted in forensic, workplace and drug abuse treatment settings. This study evaluates the
prevalence and duration of positive amphetamines and opiates drug tests in blood, oral fluid
(OF) and urine.
Study population: Up to 30 healthy adults without a history of clinically significant adverse
reactions to nasal or oral decongestants or stimulants, to oral opiates, or to poppy seeds,
buckwheat, hazelnuts, or sesame.
Design: This is an open-label, non-treatment study in which each participant spends two days
at NIDA IRP and the intervening night on the Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit (BPRU).
Vicks VapoInhaler (0.16-0.60 milligrams of l-methamphetamine and trace amounts of
d-methamphetamine) is administered intranasally every two hours for six doses from 9 am to 7
pm on the first day and a seventh dose at 6 am the second day. Food grade uncooked poppy
seeds (45 grams suspended in 500 milliliter of liquid) are administered orally at 9 am and 5
pm on the first day only.
Outcome measures: The primary outcome measures are prevalence of positive tests and windows
of drug detection (based on concentrations in the biological matrix) of methamphetamine,
l-amphetamine, morphine, and codeine in blood, OF, and urine. Secondary outcome measures are
1) performance of 2 OF collection devices (Quantisal and Oral-Eze) and an on-site OF
screening test (Draeger Drug Test 5000) in comparison to liquid chromatography-tandem mass
spectrometry (LCMSMS), and performance of urine screening test in comparison to gas
chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Performance parameters are prevalence of positive
tests at each time point, windows of drug detection, sensitivity, and specificity for
l-methamphetamine, l-amphetamine, morphine, and codeine in OF and urine. Cutoff
concentrations for each matrix are those specified in the Mandatory Guidelines for Federal
Workplace Drug Testing Programs; 2) detection of d-methamphetamine in any blood, OF and urine
specimen; and 3) time course of these analytes in blood for comparison to other matrices,
especially oral fluid/blood ratios.
Significance: These data are essential for establishing evidence-based drug policy and
legislation, for establishing oral fluid drug testing by the Substance Abuse and Mental
Health Services Administration, and for answering current questions about whether use of
these legal products could produce positive tests in federally mandated drug testing
programs.
- INCLUSION CRITERIA:
- Age 18 to 65 years.
- Able to give valid informed consent.
- Able to cooperate with all study procedures.
- Peripheral venous access adequate to allow repeated blood sampling
EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
- Current medical condition that precludes safe study participation, such as 2nd or 3rd
- Current physical dependence on any psychoactive substance other than caffeine or
nicotine.
degree A-V block, acute coronary syndrome, premature atrial contractions occurring more
than 3/min, or premature ventricular contractions occurring more than 1/min.
- Inability to tolerate intranasal medication administration.
- Inability to safely swallow liquids containing poppy seeds.
- History of clinically significant adverse reaction to intranasal or oral
decongestants.
- History of clinically significant adverse reaction to opiates.
- History of clinically significant adverse reaction from exposure (oral, inhalational,
tactile) to poppy seeds, buckwheat, hazelnuts, or sesame.
- Inability to tolerate abstinence from any medication that might adversely interact
with opiates, e.g., CNS depressant, systemically acting anti-cholinergic, or monoamine
oxidase inhibitor.
- Women who are pregnant or nursing.
- Use, within 7 days of initial dosing with study substances, of prescription
amphetamine or opiate-like substances that are related to the substances being tested.
- Internal nasal lesions that increase risk of inhalation of Vicks VaporInhaler
- Current hypertension, cardiomyopathy,or other current medical conditions associated
with increased risk from adrenergic or opioid drug administration.
- Resting blood pressure consistently >140/90 mm Hg or heart rate consistently > 90 bpm
- Resting systolic blood pressure consistently < 90
- Urine drug test positive for amphetamines or opiates
- Use of a nasal decongestant or ingested an amphetamine, opiate, CNS depressant,
anticholinergic, or poppy seeds within the prior week, or a monoamine oxidase
inhibitor within the prior 2 weeks
- History of psychosis
We found this trial at
1
site
6001 Executive Boulevard, Room 5213
Baltimore, Maryland 20892
Baltimore, Maryland 20892
301-443-1124
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