The Feasibility of Using a General Health Screen to Increase HIV Testing in Community Pharmacies

About one-fifth of HIV-positive people in the United States remain unaware of their HIV
status, and these individuals account for the majority of new transmissions. The
preponderance of barriers to HIV has delayed diagnoses and treatment for HIV-infected
individuals in the US, and such late diagnoses result in poorer outcomes for HIV-infected
individuals and increased cost of medical care. The National HIV/AIDS Strategy for the
United States has called for expanded HIV testing, but if the investigators simply replicate
existing models, the investigators will continue to fail to reach and engage strategic
at-risk populations. Project Building Bridges will use a community setting - the pharmacy -
to establish an alternative site for HIV testing to engage large numbers of at risk
populations, specifically men who have sex with men (MSM) of color, injection drug users
(IDU), and African immigrants; increase HIV awareness, and reduce stigma by placing HIV
testing in the context of a general health screening. There are two specific aims: 1) Build
partnerships with community stakeholders to understand current barriers to HIV testing, and
2) Determine the effectiveness of a health screening approach by measuring acceptance of HIV
testing. In the qualitative research phase, we will conduct focus group discussions of MSM
of color, IDUs, and African immigrants, led by the Latino Commission on AIDS, a
community-based organization with extensive experience in cultural competency training and
utilizations of community social networks, especially with higher risk minority populations,
to obtain insights that will help increase participation in HIV testing. Data obtained
through qualitative work will guide the development of the "health screening" model, which
would include other screening tests (like sugar, blood pressure, hepatitis C, etc) with an
HIV test, depending on what the high risk groups preferred in the wellness bundle. The
hypothesis is that, by tailoring the health screens, this bundling model will circumvent the
stigma associated with HIV testing in these high-risk populations and increase HIV testing
acceptance rates. The investigators will conduct a two-group randomized control trial
comparing the "health screening" model (intervention) to an HIV test offer (control) in
community pharmacies in the Bronx. The trial will help determine the preliminary impact on
the acceptance of HIV testing when coupled with an overall health wellness screen. The
investigators will also conduct a secondary analysis on HIV testing acceptance rates based
on each high-risk groups.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Age 18 to 64 at time of recruitment

Exclusion Criteria:

- Known to be HIV positive

- Unable to understand the consent process for the study; or otherwise unable to
consent to HIV testing