Glycemic Load & Resistance Training on Endothelial Function & Insulin Sensitivity

At present, the extent to which dietary components can modify endothelial function, monocyte
inflammation and glycemic variations is not well defined, although different carbohydrates
are known to vary in their abilities to induce plasma glucose and insulin responses.
Epidemiologic work suggests that high dietary glycemic load (GL) is associated with
increased concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, endothelial dysfunction markers, and
increased risk of T2D and coronary heart disease (CHD). We are examining using randomized
control trials low vs. high-GL diet to determine if low-GL diets induce improvements in
endothelial function or monocyte inflammation. Furthermore, resistance training is an
alternate form of exercise from conventional aerobic training. Resistance Training has the
potential to improve endothelial function or monocyte phenotype, but there is very little
data in this area. We hypothesize that resistance training may augment the beneficial
effects of a low-GL diet in improving metabolic health.

Inclusion Criteria:

- 18-35 with BMI≥30 and/or your waist circumference ≥40 inches for males or ≥35 inches
for females

- In good health as determined by the screening visit and review of medical history

Exclusion Criteria:

- Have a known heart arrhythmia and/or abnormalities found in electrocardiogram (ECG)
reading or use of medications that influence CV function

- Have been in a weight loss or exercise program in the 6 months prior to participation

- Use tobacco products

- Have a syndrome or are prescribed medications that may influence body composition,
insulin action, or CVD (e.g. PCOS, prednisone, methylphenidate, etc.)

- Have intolerance to lactose or gluten

- Pregnant