Effects of Polyphenolic-rich Dark Chocolate/Cocoa and Almonds on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
| Status: | Active, not recruiting |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | Peripheral Vascular Disease |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Cardiology / Vascular Diseases |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 30 - 70 |
| Updated: | 4/21/2016 |
| Start Date: | March 2012 |
| End Date: | August 2016 |
The purpose of this study is to investigate the individual and combined effects of dark
chocolate/cocoa and almonds on lipids, lipoproteins, antioxidant defense, lipid
peroxidation, phenolic acids, inflammatory status, blood pressure and arterial health. It is
hypothesized that dark chocolate/cocoa and/or almonds will favorably affect lipids,
lipoproteins, antioxidants, inflammatory status, blood pressure and arterial health compared
to a healthy American control diet; however, the effects will be greater when dark
chocolate/cocoa and almonds are consumed together versus consumption of each food
individually.
chocolate/cocoa and almonds on lipids, lipoproteins, antioxidant defense, lipid
peroxidation, phenolic acids, inflammatory status, blood pressure and arterial health. It is
hypothesized that dark chocolate/cocoa and/or almonds will favorably affect lipids,
lipoproteins, antioxidants, inflammatory status, blood pressure and arterial health compared
to a healthy American control diet; however, the effects will be greater when dark
chocolate/cocoa and almonds are consumed together versus consumption of each food
individually.
Inclusion Criteria:
- Overweight and obese (BMI ≥25, ≤40 kg/m2)
- Moderately elevated LDL-C between the 25-95th percentile from NHANES:
105-194 mg/dL for males; 98-190 mg/dL for females.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Tobacco use
- Systolic blood pressure ≥159 mm Hg
- Diastolic blood pressure ≥ 99 mm Hg
- A history of myocardial infarction, stroke, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, kidney
disease, and thyroid disease (unless controlled on meds)
- Blood pressure or cholesterol-lowering medication use
- Refusal to discontinue intake of putative cholesterol-lowering supplements (e.g.
psyllium, fish oil, soy lecithin, niacin, fiber, flax, stanols/sterols)
- Vegetarianism or dietary practices that are inconsistent with the test diets
- Nut allergies
- Refusal to discontinue nutritional supplements, herbs, or vitamins
- History of inflammatory gastrointestinal disease
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