Ph 2 Trial of Vitamin C & G-FLIP (Low Doses Gemcitabine, 5FU, Leucovorin, Irinotecan, Oxaliplatin) for Pancreatic Cancer

STUDY OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability and efficacy of G-FLIP
(Low Doses of Gemcitabine, Fluorouracil [5FU], Leucovorin, Irinotecan, and Oxaliplatin), when
used in combination with ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), as first-line therapy in patients with
advanced pancreatic cancer. The objective of this study is also to evaluate the safety,
tolerability and efficacy of G-FLIP-DM (G-FLIP + Low Doses of Docetaxel and Mitomycin C),
when used in combination with ascorbic acid, in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who
develop Disease Progression (DP) with G-FLIP treatment. The primary endpoint is 12-month
survival rate. The secondary endpoints include Overall Survival (OS), Quality of Life (QOL),
Response Rate (RR), Progression-Free-Survival (PFS), and safety.

STUDY DRUGS

Study drugs include G-FLIP, G-FLIP-DM, and Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)

STUDY DESIGN

Sample Size:

There will be 30 "evaluable" study subjects in this study.

Treatments:

G-FLIP: All study subjects are treated with G-FLIP. Each treatment cycle of G-FLIP is 2
weeks, with G-FLIP given on Days 1 and 2 of each cycle. If study subjects exhibit Disease
Progression (DP), treatment with G-FLIP will stop, and they will be treated with G-FLIP-DM.

G-FLIP-DM: Study subjects who exhibit DP with G-FLIP treatment will be treated with
G-FLIP-DM. Each G-FLIP-DM treatment cycle is 2 weeks, with G-FLIP-DM given on Days 1 and 2 of
each cycle.

Ascorbic Acid: Ascorbic acid will be administered twice weekly throughout the study, given on
any 2 separate days of the week. Ascorbic acid will be administered throughout the study
including during the follow-up period, even if treatment with G-FLIP or G-FLIP-DM has been
terminated due to DP. Additionally, in 50% of the study subjects (i.e., 15 evaluable study
subjects), treatment with ascorbic acid will begin on the same week when G-FLIP begins. In
the other 50% of the study subjects (i.e., the other 15 evaluable study subjects), treatment
with ascorbic acid will be delayed by 2 cycles. Results from these 2 groups of study subjects
would allow comparison of potential acute safety of ascorbic acid, when used in combination
with G-FLIP.

Open-Label: This is an open-label study, where investigators and study subjects are not
blinded to the treatment.

Randomization: The assignment of study subjects will be randomized, as long as they meet
eligibility criteria of the study.

DOSE DELAY AND DOSE MODIFICATION

In the event of adverse drug reactions, dose delay and dose modification will be dependent on
the type of toxicities. The detailed dose modification scheme for G-FLIP, G-FLIP-DM and
Ascorbic Acid are outlined in the protocol.

CONCOMITANT MEDICATIONS AND PROPHYLACTIC TREATMENT

Other than G-FLIP, G-FLIP-DM and ascorbic acid, patients cannot receive any other standard or
investigational treatment for their cancer, or any study drugs for any non-cancer
indications, while on this study. All concomitant medications (including names, dosage and
schedule) must be recorded.

Prophylactic treatment for drug-related symptoms can be given according to Package Inserts of
the study drugs and clinical practice. Supportive treatment may include anti-emetic,
anti-diarrhea, anti-pyretic, anti-allergic, anti-hypertensive, analgesics, antibiotics,
allopurinol, and others such as blood products and bone marrow growth factors. Patients may
use erythropoietin for anemia. The investigator may utilize erythropoietic factors, or blood
or platelet transfusions at their discretion.

DURATION OF TREATMENT AND FOLLOW-UP

At least six months of treatment is recommended for study subjects who have a response from
G-FLIP or G-FLIP-DM, unless or until:

- Patients exhibit disease progression in the opinion of the principal investigator

- Unacceptable toxicity from the treatment

- Patient withdrawal of consent (Note: The investigator should make every effort to
contact the subject to perform a final evaluation and to determine the reason(s) for
withdrawal from the study.)

- Investigator's discretion to withdraw patients from the study because continued
participation in the study is not in the patient's best interest.

- Underlying illness: a condition, injury, or disease unrelated to the intended disease
which the study is investigating, that renders continuing treatment unsafe or regular
follow-up impossible

- General or specific changes in the patient's condition that renders the patient
ineligible for further investigational treatment

- Non-compliance with investigational treatment, protocol-required evaluations or
follow-up visits

After treatment, study subjects should be followed so that information on survival and post
study treatment are available for at least 1 year after the study subjects participate in the
trial.

EFFICACY ASSESSMENTS

The efficacy of the study drugs will be assessed according to the following parameters:

Response Criteria of Complete Response (CR), Partial Response (PR), Stable Disease (SD), and
Progressive Disease (Disease Progression or DP) will be derived from CT or MRI according to
Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1) (Eisenhauer et al. 2009).

Response Rate (RR) is the number of study subjects, expressed as a percentage of the total
number of study subjects participated in the trial, who exhibit PR or CR that has been
confirmed from 2 consecutive scans (CT or MRI).

Progression-Free-Survival (PFS) is the length of time when SD (or better) of a study subject
is first documented until the time when DP, or death from any cause, occurs.

Overall Survival (OStreatment) is the time from which the study subjects are first treated
with G-FLIP to the time when death from any cause occurs. OS, which is the time from which
the study subjects are first diagnosed with advanced pancreatic cancer to the time when death
from any cause occurs, will also be recorded.

12-Month Survival Rate is the number of study subjects, expressed as a percentage of the
total number of study subjects in the trial, who survive for 12 months starting from the time
when the study subjects are accrued to the trial. The 12-Month Survival Rate for study
subjects who survive for 12 months starting from the time when the study subjects are first
diagnosed with advanced pancreatic cancer will also be recorded.

Safety Assessments

The efficacy of the study drugs will be assessed from the first dose to 1 month after last
dose of the study drugs. The assessments will be based on the following parameters, performed
at baselines and at various times during the study:

- physical exams

- evaluation of symptoms

- vital signs

- ECOG performance status and survival

- clinical pathology (clinical chemistry, renal function [assessed utilizing the
Cockcroft-Gault formula], hematology, and coagulation)

- urinalysis

- QOL, assessed as described by Aaronson NK, et al. 1993.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Patients must have histologically and cytologically confirmed metastatic (Stage IV),
locally advanced unresectable (stage III), or locally recurrent pancreatic
adenocarcinoma, with or without prior chemotherapy for their cancer.

- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status being 0-2.

- Expected survival >3 months.

- Patients 18 years of age and older of both genders.

- Women of child-bearing potential (i.e., women who are pre-menopausal or not surgically
sterile) must use accepted contraceptive methods (abstinence, intrauterine device
[IUD], oral contraceptive or double barrier device) during the study, and must have a
negative serum or urine pregnancy test within 2 weeks prior to treatment initiation.

- Fertile men must practice effective contraceptive methods during the study, unless
documentation of infertility exists.

- At least 2 weeks must have elapsed from any prior surgery or hormonal therapy.

- Laboratory values ≤2 weeks must be:

- Adequate hematologic

- Adequate hepatic function

- Adequate renal function

- No evidence of active infection and no serious infections within the past month.

- Mentally competent, able to understand and willing to sign the informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

- Patients under the age of 18.

- Locally advanced resectable disease from pancreatic cancer

- Previous radiotherapy for cerebral metastases, central nervous system (CNS) or
epidural tumor.

- Patients receiving any other standard or investigational treatment for their cancer,
or any other investigational agent for any non-cancer indication within the past 4
weeks.

- Patients with any active uncontrolled bleeding, or a bleeding diathesis.

- Pregnant women, or women of child-bearing potential not using reliable means of
contraception.

- Lactating females.

- Fertile men unwilling to practice contraceptive methods during the study period.

- Life expectancy less than 3 months.

- Any condition or abnormality which may, in the opinion of the investigator, compromise
the safety of patients.

- Unwilling or unable to follow protocol requirements.

- Active heart disease including but not limited to symptomatic congestive heart
failure, symptomatic coronary artery disease, symptomatic angina pectoris, symptomatic
myocardial infarction, or symptomatic congestive heart failure.

- Patients with a history of myocardial infarction that is < 3 months prior to
registration.

- Patients with any amount of clinically significant pericardial effusion.

- Evidence of active serious infection.

- Patients with known HIV infection.

- Requirement for immediate palliative treatment of any kind including surgery and
radiation.

- Patients that have received a chemotherapy regimen requiring stem cell support in the
previous 6 months.

- Any condition or abnormality which may, in the opinion of the investigator, compromise
the safety of the patient.