Efficacy and Safety of Ibuprofen and Caffeine in Dental Pain

Inclusion criteria:

- Males and females 18 to 55 years of age;

- Outpatients scheduled to undergo surgical extraction of 3-4 impacted third molar(s),
with a minimum of two mandibular extractions. The two mandibular third molars may be
partial bony impactions or full bony impactions (as long as the trauma rating is not
severe and the surgeons do not feel the subject will have extreme post-surgical pain)
OR there may be a combination of one full bony impaction with the second mandibular
being a soft tissue impaction or partial bony impaction. Maxillary third molars (or
supernumerary teeth) of any type can be extracted;

- Use of only the following preoperative medication(s)/ anesthetic(s): topical
benzocaine, short-acting local anesthetic (mepivacaine or lidocaine) with or without
vasoconstrictor and/or nitrous oxide;

- Reliable, cooperative, and of adequate intelligence to record the requested
information on the analgesic questionnaire form;

- Examined by the attending oral surgeon or physician and medically cleared to
participate in the study;

- Scheduled to undergo a qualifying surgical procedure;

- In good general health, with a BMI of 30 or less, and have no contraindications to
any of the study medications or anesthetic drugs;

- Subjects have at least a categorical pain score of moderate and a numerical rating
scale (NRS) score of 5 or greater within 4.5 hours from the time of the last suture.

Exclusion criteria:

- Presence of a serious medical condition (e.g., poorly controlled hypertension, poorly
controlled diabetes, significantly impaired cardiac, renal or hepatic function,
hyper- or hypothyroidism);

- Use of a prescription or non-prescription drug with which the administration of
ibuprofen or any other non steroidal anti inflammatory or caffeine is
contraindicated;

- Acute local infection at the time of surgery that could confound the post-surgical
evaluation;

- Females who are pregnant, lactating, of child-bearing potential, or post-menopausal
for less than 2 years and not using a medically approved method of contraception
(i.e., oral, transdermal, intravaginal or implanted contraceptives, intrauterine
device, diaphragm, condom, abstinence, or surgical sterility), or females who test
positive on a urine-based pregnancy test;

- Presence or history (within 2 years of enrollment) of bleeding disorder(s) or peptic
ulcer disease;

- History of alcoholism or substance abuse within the last year, or is currently
abusing alcohol or other mood-altering drugs (e.g., cannabis). Subjects who are
taking central nervous sytem or other psychotropic drugs (including St. Johns Wort,
or any other nutritional supplement known to have psychotropic effects) may be
enrolled if they have been on stable doses of medication for at least 2 months, will
maintain this dose throughout the study, and their condition is judged by the
Principal Investigator to be well-controlled;

- Habituation to analgesic drugs or caffeine (i.e., routine use of oral analgesics 5 or
more times per week or ingestion of 4 or more caffeine-containing drinks daily); use
of "high energy" drinks more than once per week;

- Use of any type of systemic corticosteroid within the past 30 days or a history of
current or previous use of anabolic steroids;

- History of allergic reaction (e.g., asthma, rhinitis, swelling, shock, or hives) to
acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, aspirin, celecoxib, or any other non steroidal
anti inflammatory or caffeine;

- Prior use of any type of analgesic or non steroidal anti inflammatory within 5
half-lives of that drug before surgery, except for pre-anesthetic medication and
anesthesia for the procedure;

- Ingestion of any caffeine-containing beverages, chocolate, or alcohol 6 hours or less
before surgery;

- Has impaired liver function, e.g., serum Alanine transaminase, aspartate
aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, or Gamma-glutamyltransferase greater than 2.5
times the upper limit of normal, or blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, or bilirubin
greater than 1.5 times the upper limit of normal without a known benign explanation;

- Has known history of a positive HIV antibody test or known HIV infection;

- Has a known history of Hepatitis B or C;

- Has a clinically significant abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) at screening as
determined by the Investigator:

- Has taken an investigational product within the past 30 days;

- Has previously been entered into this study;

- The subject is a member of the study site staff either directly involved with the
study, an employee of the Sponsor, or a relative of study site personnel directly
involved with the study or Sponsor.