PET-MRI in Diagnosing Patients With Cancer, Cardiac Diseases, or Neurologic Diseases

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To assess and optimize image quality of PET and MRI focusing on technical artifacts and
their correction.

II. To assess the accuracy of PET quantification based on MR attenuation correction (MRAC)
derived from various MRI sequences and reconstruction algorithms including the effect of
routinely used Gadolinium-based contrast agents on MRAC.

III. To determine the clinical and diagnostic accuracy of PET-MRI in comparison to
standard-of-care diagnostic imaging.

IV. To assess the efficacy and workflow in combining PET and MRI in one single examination as
compared to separate imaging studies.

V. To assess the potential for radiation dose reduction if PET-CT is substituted by PET-MRI,
thus avoiding the radiation exposure from the CT-component.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Clinically indicated PET/PET-CT (with or without clinically indicated diagnostic MRI)

- Presenting with one of the four conditions specified below

- Fludeoxyglucose F 18 (FDG) avid cancers

- Cardiac disease (cardiac viability assessment)

- Neurologic disorders (dementia)

- Inflammatory disease (for example fever of unknown origin, vasculitis,
osteomyelitis)

Exclusion Criteria:

- Pregnancy and lactation

- Contraindications to undergo MRI

- Cardiac pacemaker and metal devices (as specified in a separate MRI Informed consent)

- Claustrophobia or inability to tolerate MRI examination (lay still for approximately 1
hour and hold breath intermittently)

- Previously known allergies against MRI contrast agents (exclusion criterion only for
contrast enhanced MRI)

- Renal insufficiency: glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 40ml/min/1.73m^2 and following
European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) guidelines (exclusion criterion only
for contrast enhanced MRI)

- Individuals who are not willing or capable of giving informed consent or assent (with
legal guardian consent)