Predictive Executive Functioning Models Using Interactive Tangible-Graphical Interface Devices in Adults

Current diagnostic aids used in treating ADHD are currently expensive, time intensive, and
provide little information about accessory movements in response to a stimulus.

Tests such as the Conners' Rating Scale require subjective responses from parents and
teachers, making coordination difficult. The computerized Conners' Continuous Performance
Test (CPT) provides objective data in regards to inattention and impulsive patterns of
response. However, it does not provide data regarding accessory movements such as
restlessness, hyperactivity, and other inappropriate movements. If the subject taking the
exam has a reading disorder, it will impair his or her ability to respond accurately and it
will increase response time. The T.O.V.A. is another computer based test used as a
diagnostic aid for ADHD, which uses a microswitch to record responses. It does utilize
auditory and visual stimuli, which removes the reading level limitation. However, it is
unable to measure to measure accessory movements that may be contributing to reaction time
and errors of omission and commission.

Because of these limitations, a new company called CogCubed has created a new game based on
the Sifteo Cube (http://www.sifteo.com) platform. These new hands-on digitized cubes are
unique, motion-sensitive wireless blocks that contain multiple sensors that can interact
with one another. CogCubed is providing the data for this study. The game will be played in
a 30 minute sessions by subjects aged 18 and over. Subjects recruited to play the game will
be those with ADHD and those without, matched by gender. Those with comorbidities of
developmental delay, mental retardation, psychosis, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and
substance use disorders will be excluded, as well as any physiological disability that
affects upper limb movement and/or coordination. Informed consent will be obtained from
participant prior to administering the game.

The hypothesis is that by analyzing data generated from this new gaming platform named
Sifteo for which a game was created, which uses auditory and visual stimuli and distracters,
the investigators expect that they will be able to provide a more accurate profile of
impulsivity and inattention. The investigators expect that inattention will have more errors
of omission and less tilt movements than control and impulsivity will be represented as more
commission and greater tilting movements than control.