Pharmacodynamic Study of Radium-223 in Men With Bone Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age ≥ 18 years.

2. Life expectancy of at least 12 weeks (3 months).

3. Subjects must be able to understand and be willing to sign the written informed
consent form. A signed informed consent form must be appropriately obtained prior to
the conduct of any trial-specific procedure.

4. Histologically confirmed diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Histologic
variants of prostate cancer, including neuroendocrine features are permitted; however,
pure small cell carcinoma of the prostate is excluded.

5. Presence of >2 sites of metastatic disease in bone as determined by bone scan or CT,
and for men who opt-in for bone biopsy, they must have at least one site amenable to
radiographically-guided metastatic biopsy as determined by the study radiologist.

6. Symptomatic castration-resistant bone metastatic disease as determined by the
provider.

7. Prior or concurrent therapy with either abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide.

8. Ongoing ADT using an LHRH agonist (e.g. leuprolide, goserelin) or antagonist (e.g.
degarelix) must continue on therapy unless prior bilateral orchiectomy has been
performed.

9. Current evidence of disease progression as evidenced by one of the following:

1. 2 consecutive rising PSA levels separated at least 1 week apart above nadir PSA
on last systemic therapy. If no nadir, then 2 rising PSA values greater than
baseline pretreatment value is required from the most immediate prior therapy, OR

2. CT or bone scan based evidence of disease progression with bone metastasis (new
lesions or growth of existing lesions), OR

3. Evidence of symptomatic progression (increased pain in an area with known lesions
confirmed on imaging).

10. All acute toxic effects of any prior treatment have resolved to NCI-CTCAE v4.0 Grade 2
or less.

11. Men of childbearing potential must agree to use adequate contraception beginning at
the signing of the ICF until at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug. The
definition of adequate contraception will be based on the judgment of the principal
investigator or a designated associate.

12. Acceptable hematology and serum biochemistry screening values:

- White Blood Cell Count (WBC) ≥ 3,000/mm3

- Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) ≥ 1,500/mm3

- Platelet (PLT) count ≥ 100,000/mm3

- Hemoglobin (HGB) ≥ 9.0 g/dl

- Total bilirubin level ≤ 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)

- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 x ULN

- Creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN

- Albumin > 2.5 g/dL

13. Willing and able to comply with the protocol, including follow-up visits and
examinations

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy within previous 4 weeks, or failure to recover
from AEs down to grade 2 or less due to cytotoxic chemotherapy administered more than
4 weeks previous (however, ongoing neuropathy is permitted)

2. Receiving concurrent systemic therapy with radionuclides (e.g., strontium-89,
samarium-153, rhenium-186, or rhenium-188) for the treatment of bony metastases. Prior
therapy with radium-223 is not permitted.

3. Other malignancy treated within the last 3 years (except non melanoma skin cancer or
low-grade superficial bladder cancer)

4. Visceral (i.e. liver, lung, etc) metastases (pulmonary nodules ≤1cm are permitted) as
assessed by chest, abdominal or pelvic computed tomography (CT) (or other imaging
modality)

5. Presence of active untreated CNS parenchymal or epidural spinal metastases

6. Lymphadenopathy exceeding 3 cm in short-axis diameter

7. Imminent spinal cord compression based on clinical findings and/or magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI). Treatment should be completed for spinal cord compression.

8. Any other serious illness or medical condition, such as but not limited to:

- Any infection ≥ National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse
Events (NCI-CTCAE) version 4.0 Grade 2

- Cardiac failure New York Heart Association (NYHA) III or IV

- Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis

- Bone marrow dysplasia

- Fecal incontinence

9. Inability to comply with the protocol and/or not willing or not available for
follow-up assessments.

10. Any condition which, in the investigator's opinion, makes the subject unsuitable for
trial participation.

11. Concurrent cytotoxic chemotherapy or anticancer therapies other than abiraterone,
prednisone or other glucocorticoids, enzalutamide, androgen deprivation therapy,
bisphosphonates, and denosumab.

12. Concurrent use of another investigational drug or device therapy (i.e., outside of
study treatment) during, or within 2 weeks of treatment initiation.

13. Major surgery within 30 days prior to start of study drug.