Neurofeedback for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Original study design recruiting controls who were matched to the experimental group was
changed to a randomized design prior to enrollment of the first participant.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Primary Diagnosis of Current OCD, based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV)
criteria, a Y-BOCS (Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale) score >=16

- Principle OCD symptoms- Primary symptoms must be either Cleaning/Contamination or
Checking; other symptoms okay

- Unmedicated (or medications stable for 8 weeks).

- Research group must be able to identify a target region in the orbitofrontal cortex
that is related to symptoms

Exclusion Criteria:

- Active Psychosis; Pervasive Developmental Disorder ; epilepsy or other major
neurological disorder

- History of major head trauma or psychosurgery

- Active Substance Abuse within 6 months

- Seizure disorder or other significant neurological disorder

- Active Suicidality

- Pregnancy

- severe claustrophobia, ferromagnetic metal in the body, a pacemaker or defibrillator,
or any other condition that would make MRI scanning unsafe or inappropriate

- any psychotropic medication other than a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
antidepressant, anafranil, or a low-dose hypnotic or anxiolytic taken on an as-needed
basis

- active cognitive/behavioral therapy initiated within the last 3 months (continuation
of established maintenance therapy that has been going on for longer than 3 months
will not be grounds for exclusion)