Very-Low Nicotine Cigarettes and Non-Daily Smokers

The overall goal of the study is to assess the effects of switching to
Very-Low-Nicotine-Content cigarettes (VLNCCs) among non-daily, or intermittent smokers (ITS).
This is a two-arm randomized study with an own-cigarette baseline control. After a 2-week
baseline period smoking their own cigarettes, 455 ITS will be randomized (double-blind) for
10 weeks to smoke experimental cigarettes, either: (a) normal nicotine content cigarettes
(NNCCs; 0.8 mg) or (b) VLNCCs (0.07 mg), each matched to menthol status of subjects'
preferred brand. ITS are more likely to be African-American (AA) smokers; thus AA smokers
will be oversampled (to one third of the total sample). Change in cigarette consumption is
the primary end-point, and biomarkers of smoke exposure and measures of smoking intensity are
also assessed.

Inclusion Criteria:

- age 18 years or older, and smoking cigarettes for at least 3 years

- smoking, on average, 4-27 days per month

- smoking at current rate for at least the previous 3 months

- willingness to try novel cigarettes

Exclusion Criteria:

- active plans to quit or actively seeking smoking cessation treatment in the next 3
months

- severe psychiatric disorders that may interfere with study procedures

- current, regular (i.e., monthly or more) use of nicotine replacement or other tobacco
products, by self-report

- exclusive use of roll-your-own cigarettes (since the study uses manufactured
cigarettes)

- [for female participants] being pregnant or breastfeeding, or planning to become
pregnant, by self-report

- current use of medications such as Chantix (varenicline), Zyban, Wellbutrin, or
bupropion for any purpose, including stopping smoking

- occurrence of heart attack, stroke, or angina in the past 3 months