Imaging Techniques in CT: Technical Development

In this protocol, computed tomography (CT) imaging performed on healthy volunteers and
subjects with disease will be used to test, develop and optimize CT protocols. The results of
this optimization will be used to evaluate the performance of new imaging methods and
equipment, and to provide essential ground work for research and development for use in
future patient CT studies. CT imaging is a noninvasive technology. As appropriate, MRI scans
will be used to compare to CT imaging findings to help validate the CT methods.

- INCLUSION CRITERIA:

- For new or healthy volunteers currently participating in an NIH trial: no CT scan in
the last year OR For patients enrolled in a treatment or interventional trial at the
NIH: no CT scan in the last 6 months

- Lab Eligibility parameters:

- For CT and MRI contrast enhanced scans:

---eGFR greater than or equal to 60 mL/min/1.73m(2) within 7 days prior to
scanning

- For female participants ages 45-60 within 3 days prior to scan (unless
post-menopausal or no longer able to bear children, note exemption on initial
visit):

- Pregnancy test result(blood or urine): Negative

- Willing to travel to the NIH for follow-up visits.

- Greater than or equal to 45 years old

- Able to understand and sign informed consent

- Stable clinical status

- Volunteer indicates no history of participation in NIH protocols using research
radiation in the last 12 months (e.g. PET research scans, NCI Molecular Imaging Center
PET scans, etc)

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

- Prior CT scan in the last 12 months for new volunteers or healthy volunteers enrolled
in NIH trials OR Prior CT scan in the last 6 months for patients enrolled in a
treatment or interventional trial

- Pregnant women

- Over 500 lbs and/or a body circumference that prevents the study subject from lying
flat in the scanner

- Claustrophobia requiring sedation or anesthesia.

- Known or suspected genetic predisposition to cancer

- Any contraindications that the research team identifies from the subject, radiology
department CT and/or MRI questionnaires, and/or History and Assessment.

Exclusion for participation for iodinated contrast for CT

(Inclusive of the above exclusion criteria):

- Allergy to iodinated contrast for scans (study subject will be eligible for
non-contrast scans)

- Acute renal failure, renal transplant, dialysis and renal failure (clinically
diagnosed).

- Lactating women

- Patient preference to not undergo intravenous line placement and/or receive iodinated
contrast. Contrast administration is optional and participants may still undergo a
non-contrast study.

- Use of metformin-containing products less than 24 hours prior To CT contrast
administration

- Other contraindications to iodinated contrast media as determined by the research
team.

Exclusion for participation for Gadolinium contrast for MRI

(Inclusive of the above exclusion criteria):

- Allergy to gadolinium for scans using contrast; will be eligible for non-contrast
scans.

- Acute renal failure, renal transplant, dialysis and renal failure individuals ( Lab
Eligibility parameters and/or clinically diagnosed).

- Lactating women

- Patient preference to not undergo intravenous line placement and/or receive gadolinium
contrast. Contrast administration is optional and participants may still undergo a
non-contrast study.

- Other contraindications to gadolinium contrast media as determined by the research
team.