Residual Gastric Volume in Same Day Versus Split Dose and Evening Before Bowel Preparation

The ASGE and ACG have developed standards for high-quality colonoscopy and ADR. Bowel
cleansing must be optimal to enhance polyp detection and several studies have demonstrated
the advantage of split dose or same day preparation as opposed to ingesting the preparation
the day before. It is recommended that patients undergo split dosing of the bowel
preparation or even same day bowel preparation for optimal cleansing. This is critical for
high quality colonoscopy.

One of the risks associated with colonoscopy is pulmonary aspiration. Part of this risk may
be related to retained gastric volume and gastric pH at the time of the endoscopic
procedures. Aspiration pneumonia may be related to the acidity where more acidic aspirate
may cause more severe respiratory compromise. In a recent article, Huffman supported the
safety of split dose bowel preparation (4L bowel preparation) for outpatients undergoing
colonoscopy. In this study it was/found that residual gastric volume in split dose
preparations was higher than patients undergoing EGD alone but was not different from than
in patients receiving bowel preparation the evening before. Early morning bowel preps for
patients undergoing upper and lower endoscopies was not evaluated in this study. To our
knowledge, the relationship of residual gastric volume in same day bowel preps has not been
evaluated and has not been compared with the split dose bowel preps. A formal evaluation of
difference in gastric acidity has not been evaluated in patients undergoing bowel prep for
colonoscopy.

The study has a prospective observational design. The patients who have been already
scheduled for a combined esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy for their specific
indications will be asked to be a part of this study. No additional intervention will be
done other than the procedure they were already scheduled for. No specific interventions
will be assigned to the subjects of the study. Outcomes will be assessed in pre-defined
groups based on the bowel preparation taken by the patient.

The fluid is going to be collected in a suction container without solidifier material. Once
the endoscopist enters the stomach all fluid will be suctioned which is part of the
customary process of endoscopy. Once all fluid is aspirated, the container will be removed
to empty the fluid into a measuring canister while the endoscopic procedure is continued and
a container with solidifier material is instead connected to suction. The pH will be
measured on the gastric fluid that was aspirated using a calibrated catheter pH device.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Adult patients (ages 18 and over) scheduled for elective non-emergency outpatient
combined Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy procedures at CCF. No additional
intervention will be done other than the procedure they were scheduled for.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Upper GI or lower GI bleeding at the time of procedure

2. Large amounts of vomiting reported before the procedure (with bowel preparation)

3. Hospital inpatients

4. History of abdominal surgery

5. History of gastroparesis or other documented GI transit disorder (ex. Colonic
inertia)

6. Pregnancy Patients with diabetes mellitus taking Metoclopramide without proven
gastroparesis by formal testing will not be excluded.