Vaccine Therapy With or Without Cyclophosphamide in Treating Patients With Recurrent or Refractory Multiple Myeloma

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of oncolytic measles virus encoding
thyroidal sodium iodide symporter (MV-NIS) when administered with or without cyclophosphamide
in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. (Phase I) II. To evaluate the
confirmed response rate of MV-NIS alone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple
myeloma who have exhausted all therapeutic options. (Phase II, Cohort A) III. To evaluate the
confirmed response rate of MV-NIS alone in patients who are relapsing from very good partial
response (VGPR) or complete response (CR) and have not received myeloma directed therapy for
at least 12 weeks. (Phase II, Cohort B)

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine the safety and toxicity of the intravenous administration of an Edmonston
vaccine strain measles virus engineered to express the thyroidal sodium iodide symporter
(MV-NIS) when administered with or without cyclophosphamide in patients with relapsed or
refractory multiple myeloma. (Phase I) II. To evaluate the confirmed response rate of MV-NIS
in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. (Phase I) III. To further evaluate
the adverse event profile of MV-NIS in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.
(Phase II) IV. To evaluate overall survival, failure-free survival and progression-free
survival. (Phase II)

TERTIARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine the time course of viral gene expression and virus elimination, and the
biodistribution of virally infected cells at various times points after infection with MV-NIS
(when administered with or without cyclophosphamide) using 99m-technetium (Tc) gamma camera
imaging. (Phase I and II) II. To assess virus replication, viremia, viral shedding in urine
and respiratory secretions, and virus persistence after systemic administration of MV-NIS
(when administered with or without cyclophosphamide). (Phase I and II) III. To monitor
humoral responses to the injected virus. (Phase I and II) IV. To explore the anti-myeloma
efficacy (i.e. clinical response rate, time to progression, progression free survival,
duration of response) of the virus using standard myeloma response criteria as well as
immunoglobulin free light chain measurements. (Phase I and II)

OUTLINE: This is a phase I, dose-escalation study of MV-NIS followed by a phase II study.
Patients are assigned to 1 of 2 treatment arms (Stage 1 or Stage 2) in phase I and assigned
to Stage 1 in phase II.

STAGE 1 (MV-NIS ALONE, closed to accrual on 12/17/2009 and reopened 10/13/2011): Patients
receive MV-NIS intravenously (IV) over 1 hour on day 1.

STAGE 2 (MV-NIS AND CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE, temporarily closed to accrual on 10/13/11): Patients
receive cyclophosphamide IV over 30 minutes and then MV-NIS IV over 1 hour 2 days later.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and then
every 3 months for 1 year.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Myeloma relapsing from partial response or better

- Patients relapsing > 18 months from transplant if not on maintenance, or

- If off maintenance, discontinued at least 6 months ago, or

- If relapsing on maintenance, at least 3 years from transplant, or

- Off prior myeloma therapy at least 6 months ago

- Sufficient tumor burden that is assessable for response

- Serum M-spike >= 0.5 g/dL, or

- If immunoglobulin A (IgA) myeloma, IgA > 1000 mg/dL, or

- Difference between involved and uninvolved free light chain (dFLC) > 10
mg/dL, or

- Urine M-spike >= 200 mg/24 hours, or

- Bone marrow plasmacytosis >= 10%, or

- Plasmacytoma >= 2 cm in diameter

- Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1000/uL

- Platelets (PLT) >= 50,000/uL

- Hemoglobin >= 8.5 g/dl

- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) =< 2 times upper limit of normal

- Creatinine < 2 times upper limit of normal

- Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal

- International normalized ratio (INR) =< 1.4 x ULN at the time of registration

- Ability to provide informed consent

- Willingness to return to Mayo Clinic Rochester for follow-up

- Life expectancy >= 12 weeks

- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) 0, 1, or 2

- Willingness to provide all biological specimens as required by the protocol

- Negative serum pregnancy test done =< 7 days prior to registration for women of
childbearing potential only

- Measles antibody titer on the BioRad Multiplex assay less than or equal to 1.0

Exclusion Criteria:

- Uncontrolled infection

- Active tuberculosis

- Any myeloma directed therapy within 12 weeks of registration including plasmapheresis
or transfusion

- New York Heart Association classification III or IV, known symptomatic coronary artery
disease, or symptoms of coronary artery disease on systems review

- Active central nervous system (CNS) disorder or seizure disorder

- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive test result

- Other concurrent chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, or any ancillary therapy
considered investigational (used for a non-Food and Drug Administration [FDA] approved
indication and in the context of a research investigation)

- Previous exposure to heat inactivated measles virus vaccine (this vaccine was given to
some individuals between the years of 1963-1967)

- Any of the following:

- Pregnant women or women of reproductive ability who are unwilling to use
effective contraception

- Nursing women

- Men who are unwilling to use a condom (even if they have undergone a prior
vasectomy) while having intercourse with any woman, while taking the drug and for
4 weeks after stopping treatment

- Evidence of chronic or acute graft versus host disease or on-going treatment for graft
versus host disease from prior allogeneic stem cell transplantation

- Exposure to household contacts =< 15 months old or household contact with known
immunodeficiency