A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Financial Incentives, Text Messaging, and Usual Care for Homeless Smokers

Inclusion Criteria:

- Proficient in English, assessed with items asking about native language and
self-reported comfort communicating in English among non-native speakers.

- Age ≥18 years old, assessed by self-report and verified by date of birth.

- Has smoked ≥100 cigarettes and currently smokes ≥5 cigarettes per day, verified by an
exhaled carbon monoxide level of ≥8 ppm.

- Ready to try quitting smoking within the next month.

- Currently homeless, assessed by self-report and defined as usually staying in an
emergency shelter, transitional shelter, abandoned building, place of business, car
or other vehicle, church or mission, hotel or motel, or anywhere outside during the
past 7 days. Additionally, individuals will be considered currently homeless if they
usually stayed in somebody else's house, apartment/condominium, or room in the past 7
days because of not having their own place to stay.

Exclusion Criteria:

- Currently pregnant, assessed by a urine pregnancy test conducted on all premenopausal
biologic females who have not had a hysterectomy, or planning to become pregnant in
the next 2 months.

- Past 30-day use of nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, or varenicline for
smoking cessation, assessed by self-report. Use of bupropion for reasons other than
to quit smoking (e.g. depression) is permissible.

- Prior serious adverse reaction to the nicotine patch, defined as any reaction that
was life-threatening or required hospitalization.

- Heart attack or chest pain within the past 2 weeks.

- Inability to read a sentence written at a Flesch-Kincaid grade level of 4.

- Inability to provide informed consent, assessed with knowledge questions about the
material presented during the informed consent process that individuals must
correctly answer before providing informed consent to participate.