Does Plasma Reduce Bleeding in Patients Undergoing Invasive Procedures

Fresh frozen plasma is used very frequently in the US. Many plasma transfusions are given
prior to a procedure in order to correct perceived bleeding risk, yet there is little
evidence to support that use of plasma reduces bleeding. There has never been an adequately
powered trial to establish the efficacy of plasma and document the risks. This pilot study
will evaluate the feasibility of conducting a research protocol that will lead to a large
scale clinical trial designed to evaluate the treatment effectiveness of prophylactic plasma
transfusion in patients with moderately elevated INRs prior to undergoing an invasive
procedure outside of the operating room.

Study subjects will be randomly allocated to either receive either plasma transfusion prior
to the procedure, or to no treatment. Study outcomes will be compared between the two study
arms. Recruitment rates, protocol adherence, and rates of study outcomes will be assessed to
determine the feasibility of the large scale trial.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. INR level between 1.50 and 2.50 inclusive

2. undergoing an invasive procedure at the bedside, endoscopy laboratory, or in radiology

Exclusion Criteria:

1. undergoing a surgical procedure in the operating room;

2. active bleeding;

3. undergoing a procedure involving or proximal to the central nervous system or spinal
cord;

4. cardiac catheterization,

5. using 4 factor plasma concentrates

6. using systemic heparin/heparinoid therapy, direct factor X inhibitors and other
anticoagulants for which plasma will not correct prolonged INR;

7. platelet count less than 50,000/ul,

8. congenital coagulation disorders;

9. acquired disorders (i.e., lupus anticoagulant) for which plasma will not correct the
disorder;

10. women who are pregnant and;

11. unwillingness to consider blood transfusion.