Strategies to Prevent Pneumonia (SToP Pneumonia)

Pneumonia is the leading cause of death from hospital-acquired infections. Intubation and
mechanical ventilation greatly increase the risk of bacterial ventilator associated
pneumonia. Growth of potentially pathogenic bacteria in dental plaque of critically ill
patients provides a nidus of infection for microorganisms that have been shown to be
responsible for the development of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia. Since these organisms
are concentrated in dental plaque, removal of organisms from the oral cavity by oral care
interventions is a theoretically attractive method to reduce the risk of development of
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia. However, evidence-based protocols for oral care of
mechanically ventilated patients are not available. Results of the study have the potential
to improve nursing care, and to positively affect patient well-being, morbidity, mortality,
and health care costs.

Inclusion Criteria:

- 18 years or older, admitted to one of four intensive care units at the study
hospital, breathing tube in place, and on a breathing machine (mechanical ventilator)

Exclusion Criteria:

- Breathing tube in place for more than 24 hours prior to entry into the study, absence
of teeth, or a medical diagnosis of pneumonia when the breathing tube is put in.