Evaluating the Safety and Effectiveness of an Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplant (BMT CTN 0604)

Leukemia and lymphoma are types of blood cancers. Chemotherapy is a common treatment option
for people with these types of cancers, but if the cancer does not respond well to
chemotherapy, or if the cancer returns, people may need to consider other options. A bone
marrow transplant, which is a type of stem cell transplant in which healthy bone marrow is
donated to a patient by a related or unrelated donor, is commonly used to treat leukemia and
lymphoma. Recently, stem cell transplants using umbilical cord blood have become a viable
option to treat these types of cancers. Traditionally, umbilical cord blood, which is the
blood left over in the placenta after a baby is born, has been disposed of with the placenta.
However, over the past few years, doctors have begun to collect and freeze the umbilical cord
blood cells so that they may be used in stem cell transplant procedures at a later time.

Typically, people who are undergoing a stem cell transplant receive high doses of
chemotherapy before the transplant to prepare their bodies to accept the donor stem cells. In
this study, participants will undergo a new type of stem cell transplant called a
nonmyeloablative transplant, which is a reduced intensity method of transplantation that does
not require high doses of chemotherapy. The purpose of the study is to examine the safety and
effectiveness of a nonmyeloablative stem cell transplant that uses umbilical cord blood as a
treatment option for people with leukemia or lymphoma.

This study will enroll people with leukemia or lymphoma. Participants will be admitted to the
hospital and will first receive a type of chemotherapy called cyclophosphamide, which will be
given intravenously on the sixth day before the transplant. In addition, another type of
chemotherapy, fludarabine, will be given intravenously each day for 5 days before the
transplant. Three days before the transplant, participants will receive cyclosporine and
mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), to help prevent the body from rejecting the stem cells and to
help decrease the risk of developing a complication called graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD),
which is an attack by the donor cells on the body's normal tissues. Some participants may
receive tacrolimus instead of cyclosporine. After 6 days, participants will receive a small
dose of radiation. The next day, participants will undergo the umbilical cord blood stem cell
transplant.

Participants will remain in the hospital for approximately 2 to 3 months total, but possibly
longer if there are complications. Beginning on the first day after the transplant,
participants will receive daily injections of a growth factor called granulocyte-colony
stimulating factor (G-CSF), which is a natural protein that increases the white blood cell
count; G-CSF will be continued until a participant's white blood cell count is normal again.
Participants will continue to receive MMF for 30 days and cyclosporine or tacrolimus for 180
days after the transplant. While participants are in the hospital, blood samples will be
collected regularly to evaluate the response and possible side effects to treatment,
including GVHD. If necessary, participants will receive platelet and red blood cell
transfusions. At follow-up study visits 6 months and 1 year after the transplant, blood
samples will be obtained. Study researchers will keep track of participants' medical
condition through phone calls or mailings to participants and their doctors once a year for
the rest of the participants' lives.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Participants must be 21 to 70 years old; participants 1 to 21 years old are also
eligible if they are ineligible for BMT CTN #0501 (NCT00412360)

- Each unit must supply a minimum of 1.5 x 10^7/kg pre-cryopreserved nucleated cell dose

- Participants must have two partially human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-matched umbilical
cord blood units. Each unit must match at a minimum of 4 of 6 at HLA-A, -B, -DRB1 loci
with the recipient. This may include 0 to 2 antigen mismatches at each A or B (at the
antigen level) or DRB1 (at the allele level) loci. Each unit must be a 4 to 6 HLA-A,
B, and DRB1 antigen matched to each other, not necessarily at the same loci as with
the recipient. All typing will be done using molecular typing. Though molecular level
typing will be available, a match is defined at intermediate resolution for HLA-A and
-B and at high resolution for -DRB1 for this study. An adult unrelated donor search is
not required for a person to be eligible for this study if the clinical situation
dictates an urgent transplant. Clinical urgency is defined as 6 to 8 weeks from
referral to transplant center or low likelihood of finding a matched, unrelated donor.

- Must have received cytotoxic chemotherapy within 3 months of the consent date
(measured from the start date of chemotherapy)

- Acute leukemias (includes T lymphoblastic lymphoma) in the second or subsequent
complete remission (CR)

- Burkitt's lymphoma in the second or subsequent CR

- Lymphoma

- Patients with adequate physical function, as measured by the following:

- Heart: left ventricular ejection fraction at rest greater than 35%, or shortening
fraction greater than 25%

- Liver: bilirubin less than or equal to 2.5 mg/dL and alanine aminotransferase
(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase less than or
equal to five times the upper limit of normal

- Kidney: serum creatinine within normal range for age, or if serum creatinine is
outside the normal range for age, then kidney function (creatinine clearance or
glomerular filtration rate (GFR) greater than 40 mL/min/1.73m^2

- Lungs: forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity
(FVC), and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO) greater than 50% predicted
(corrected for hemoglobin). If unable to perform pulmonary function tests, then
oxygen (O2) saturation must be greater than 92% on room air.

Exclusion Criteria:

- Have an HLA-matched, related, or 7 or 8/8 HLA allele matched (HLA-A, -B, -Cw, -DRB1)
related donor able to donate

- Had an autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant in the 3 months before study
entry

- Pregnant or breastfeeding

- Evidence of HIV infection or known HIV positive serology

- Current uncontrolled bacterial, viral, or fungal infection (i.e., currently taking
medication with evidence of progression of clinical symptoms or radiologic findings)

- Prior allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant

- History of primary idiopathic myelofibrosis