Continuous Glucose Monitoring to Measure Effect of Glycemic Index
| Status: | Completed |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | Diabetes, Diabetes |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Endocrinology |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | Any |
| Updated: | 4/21/2016 |
| Start Date: | April 2009 |
| End Date: | October 2009 |
The Effect of Glycemic Index on Post-prandial Glycemia (Breakfast vs. Lunch) in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: Quantification With Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Background: Post-prandial hyperglycemia is common in people with type 1 diabetes.
Objective: The aim was to determine the impact of low vs high glycemic index (GI) on
post-prandial glycemia for breakfast vs lunch and to quantify these effects with continuous
glucose monitoring.
Design: Seven adult subjects with type 1 diabetes participated in two experiments, each
consisting of two meals each. In one experiment, both meals had a low GI; in the other, high
GI. Meals were given 195 minutes apart and were matched for carbohydrate, protein, and fat
content. Each subject received his usual pre-prandial insulin dosage, followed by a
continuous subcutaneous basal insulin infusion for the remainder of the experiment.
Arterialized venous glucose was analyzed every 15 minutes and sensor glucose was recorded
every 5 minutes.
Objective: The aim was to determine the impact of low vs high glycemic index (GI) on
post-prandial glycemia for breakfast vs lunch and to quantify these effects with continuous
glucose monitoring.
Design: Seven adult subjects with type 1 diabetes participated in two experiments, each
consisting of two meals each. In one experiment, both meals had a low GI; in the other, high
GI. Meals were given 195 minutes apart and were matched for carbohydrate, protein, and fat
content. Each subject received his usual pre-prandial insulin dosage, followed by a
continuous subcutaneous basal insulin infusion for the remainder of the experiment.
Arterialized venous glucose was analyzed every 15 minutes and sensor glucose was recorded
every 5 minutes.
A total of 14 diet studies (each with two meals) were completed in three men and four women.
All subjects completed two diet studies in which two meals were served 195 minutes apart. On
one study day, two high GI (> 75) meals were given, and on the other study day, two low GI
(< 30) meals were given. The low GI and high GI meals were matched for amount of
carbohydrates, protein, and fat based on a weight-maintaining diet for each subject. The
order of the study treatment (high or low GI) was randomized. Subjects were not informed as
the GI of any meal.
All subjects completed two diet studies in which two meals were served 195 minutes apart. On
one study day, two high GI (> 75) meals were given, and on the other study day, two low GI
(< 30) meals were given. The low GI and high GI meals were matched for amount of
carbohydrates, protein, and fat based on a weight-maintaining diet for each subject. The
order of the study treatment (high or low GI) was randomized. Subjects were not informed as
the GI of any meal.
Inclusion Criteria:
- clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus
- patients on insulin pump therapy
Exclusion Criteria:Any patient who was
- pregnancy
- cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, kidney, or liver disease
- uncontrolled chronic medical conditions
- oral or parenteral corticosteroid use
- immunosuppressant use
- visual or physical impairments that impede the use of a continuous glucose monitoring
device
- insulin or glucagon allergy
- hypoglycemia unawareness
- requirement of greater than 200 units of insulin per day
- gastroparesis
- any prior gastric surgery
- an allergy to any food items served.
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