Motivational Interviewing to Increase Parent Engagement in Preventive Parenting Programming

Evidence-based programs aimed at enhancing parenting skills are effective, and pediatricians
identify many parents who could benefit from such programs. Low-income children have high
rates of behavior problems and their family system and environmental exposures often lead to
cumulative and daunting levels of risk for poor functional outcomes; their parents are
highly likely to benefit from parenting supports. However, low-income families are the most
likely to drop out of parenting interventions, meaning the families and children with the
greatest need receive the least support. Fewer than 25% of low-income families recruited to
parenting programs will participate in even one session, and only about half of these
parents will participate in more than half of the sessions offered. The aims of this trial
are:

Aim 1: To test the hypothesis that the provision of motivational interviewing (MI), as
compared to an attention control (AC) condition, will increase the engagement of low-income
parents of preschoolers in an evidence-based parenting skills group (the Incredible Years
Series (IYS)). For this study, the outcome of engagement is operationally defined as
intention to attend IYS sessions, attendance, and satisfaction with the IYS program.

Aim 2: To test the hypothesis that the effect of MI on engagement in IYS will be impacted by
the following moderators: parenting self-efficacy, child behavior problems, and maternal
depression.

The investigators hypothesize that the effect of MI on engagement will be greater among
parents with lower parenting self-efficacy and parents of children with more behavior
problems, but less among parents with more maternal depressive symptoms.

The investigators will use a stratified, randomized controlled trial (RCT) design to
evaluate the impact of MI on parent engagement in a well-validated preventive parenting
skills intervention, the Incredible Years Series (IYS).