The Use of Paravertebral Block for Cardiac Surgery

Pain after robotic cardiac surgery is a known problem and is often difficult to manage.
Paravertebral nerve blocks are a proven method of pain relief following thoracotomy. A
paravertebral block has been shown to provide good pain relief with minimal side effects,
however, paravertebral blocks for robotic surgery have not been well studied. Currently we
routinely perform PVB on this patient population (of 50 MV robotic cases done between
January and October 2012, 36 received paravertebral blocks with no adverse events noted). We
believe this should be studied further and that paravertebral blocks will reduce the amount
of additional pain medication patients require in the first 24 hours after surgery, decrease
intubation time and improve PACU and hospital discharge times.

Inclusion Criteria:

- patients over the age of 18 years of age undergoing robotic mitral valve surgery.

- have capacity to understand and sign consent form

Exclusion Criteria:

- patients that are not candidates for paravertebral block as per ASRA guidelines
(Horlocker, Reg Anesth Pain Med, 2010). In short, this includes patients taking
specific anti platelet agents such as clopidigrel, anticoagulants such as heparin or
low molecular weight heparin, or patients with an INR of greater than 1.5. -patients
with a history of COPD or other respiratory diseases that would confound data on time
to extubated will be excluded.

- Patients that with a diagnosis of chronic pain, or patients currently taking
narcotics are excluded, as this would confound data on postoperative narcotic
requirements.