The Efficacy of Cranial Electrostimulating Therapy for Depression and Anxiety Among Homeless Adults

Cranial Electrostimulating (CES) Therapy is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved
treatment for depression and anxiety. However, there are no known studies on the use of this
device with homeless adults. The objectives of this study are as follows: 1) to evaluate the
acceptability and feasibility of CES as a treatment for homeless adults; and 2) to evaluate
the efficacy of CES for the treatment of anxiety and depressive symptoms among homeless
adults. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two treatments: sham (n=10) or CES
(n=10). Changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms will be evaluated over time.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Competent (no legal guardian) males and females between the ages of 18 to 64

- Currently homeless or recent experience of homelessness, and symptoms of anxiety or
depression

Exclusion Criteria:

- Younger than 18 and older than 65

- Patients who have attempted suicide with within the past twelve months or have active
suicidal ideation will be excluded for possible safety concerns

- Self-reported illegal substance use in the past 30 days. Recent use of nicotine and
alcohol will be allowed. However, those with current intoxication will be excluded

- History of a seizure disorder.

- Current history of autoimmune or endocrine disorder affecting the brain, unstable
cardiac disease, history of skull fracture, or craniotomy

- Patients with pacemakers or internal electronic devices like deep brain stimulation
and cochlear implants

- Women who are pregnant, nursing or planning to become pregnant

- Diagnosis of Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective disorder