Investigating Central Mechanisms of Overactive Bladder in Adults With Parkinson's Disease

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a physical problem that causes strong urges to urinate, frequent
urination, and sometimes urinary incontinence (accidental loss of urine control) commonly in
patients with Parkinson' disease (PD) severely impacting their quality of life.

Unfortunately OAB in adults with PD is difficult to treat. This is largely because the
mechanisms underlying OAB in adults with PD are not known. Recent functional MRI (fMRI)
studies suggest that certain areas of the brain have an important role in OAB. Blood
oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) fMRI is an imaging technique in which neural activity of a
region of the brain can be measured by fluctuation in the BOLD signal. It is hoped that the
findings of this study will allow the development of new treatments for adults with
Parkinson's disease and overactive bladder.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Diagnosis of PD by United Kingdom (UK) brain bank criteria.

- PD patients with and without OAB as per bladder questionnaire.

- No change in PD medications after screening, with no dose changes during the study,
except that pro re nata (PRN) doses of carbidopa/levodopa will be allowed to address
periodic worsening of parkinsonian symptoms.

- Patient willing and able to complete study questionnaires.

- Use of other medication that could influence bladder function, will be permitted as
long as the dose is stable during the study.

- Patient expects to have valid health insurance for the duration of the study period.

Exclusion Criteria:

- Women who are breast-feeding, pregnant or have the potential to become pregnant during
the course of the study (fertile and unwilling/unable to use effective contraceptive
measures).

- Cognitive deficits that in the opinion of the investigator would interfere with the
subject's ability to give informed consent or perform study testing.

- Evidence of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) at screening.

- Bladder pain or history of chronic inflammation such as interstitial cystitis,
recurrent UTIs, bladder stones, bladder obstruction, previous pelvic radiation
therapy, or previous or current malignant disease of the pelvic organs.

- Adults who have an interstim device in place.

- Claustrophobia, occupational risk for ferrous metal in the eye, or having an
implantable medical device or foreign body precluding fMRI (e.g. cardiac pacemaker,
metallic fragment, orthopedic hardware).

- Intravesical botulinum toxin treatment within the previous six months of screening.

- Use of indwelling catheter or self-catheterization.

- Any other serious and/or unstable medical condition