Little Flower Yoga for Kids: Evaluation of a Yoga and Mindfulness Program for Children With Increased Levels of Emotion Dysregulation and Inattention

The overall aim of this project is to ascertain the effects of Little Flower Yoga for Kids, a
promising yoga and mindfulness program for children developed by Jennifer Cohen Harper, MA,
E-RCYT, which incorporates five elements (connect, breathe, move, focus, relax) to improve
the child's ability to sustain attention and regulate emotions. While research supports that
yoga programs and mindfulness programs yield positive outcomes on numerous factors, there are
no independent studies presently examining the effects of a combined yoga and mindfulness
intervention (like Little Flower Yoga for Kids) on both emotion regulation and sustained
attention.

The investigators propose conducting an initial evaluation of Little Flower Yoga for Kids in
a small sample of 18-30 Kindergarten and First Grade students (3-5 per class) enrolled in
Girls Preparatory Charter School of the Bronx. Little Flower Yoga for Kids is currently part
of the curriculum at Girls Preparatory Charter School of the Bronx and implemented by Kelli
Love, M.Ed., 500 RYT, received her certification from the Little Flower Yoga for Kids Teacher
Training Program. Specifically, the investigators will conduct a preliminary trial with a
sample of 5-7 year olds (Kindergarten/First Grade), who meet a predetermined threshold of
having either emotional regulation and/or attentional difficulties, to determine the effects
of Little Flower Yoga for Kids on sustained attention and emotion regulation. Measures of
these outcomes will occur at initial participant screener, baseline, mid-treatment (4.5
months after the start of the program), and post-treatment (after 9 months).

While all students enrolled in kindergarten or first grade at Girls Preparatory Charter
School of the Bronx (between the ages of 5-7) will continue to take yoga class (with the
Little Flower Yoga program Curriculum) taught by Ms. Keli Love, the investigators will only
be collecting data on (at most) 30 of the students. The following inclusion and exclusion
criteria will be employed to determine which students will be included in the data
collection:

Inclusion Criteria:

- Suspected emotion regulation and/or attention difficulties by the child's teacher.
This procedure includes completion (by the teacher) of the Emotion Regulation
Checklist (ERC) and the inattention subscale of the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham - IV
(SNAP-IV) (see measures section below). The Kindergarten and First Grade teachers will
be asked to identify the top 5 students in their class exhibiting high levels of
emotion dysregulation and/or inattention in comparison to their peers, and to then
fill out the two assessment measures for each of the 5 selected children. They must
meet a predetermined threshold of either measure, which have been determined based on
previous research, to be included in the data collection;

- Child must be fluent English speaker, so they are able to complete the assessments.

Exclusion Criteria:

Of the individuals chosen for participation in data collection, they will be excluded from
the study if:

- There is evidence of significant developmental delay or psychosis that impacts the
child's ability to function and to fully engage in the yoga-mindfulness intervention;

- If the youth or parent presents with emergency psychiatric needs that require services
beyond that which can be managed within a preventive intervention format (e.g.
hospitalization, specialized placement outside the home), active intervention by
research staff to secure what is needed will be made.