Milk Intervention Study for Brain Aging

Eating more dairy foods may improve brain health as people age by increasing the brain's
natural defenses to protect nerve cells against chemical stress. Researchers think there may
be a relationship between the brain's natural defense system and the amount of dairy food
intake. Strengthening these defenses could provide beneficial protection to the brain against
neurodegenerative age-related diseases and cognitive decline.

Glutathione (GSH) is a metabolite in the human brain protective system. It plays a key role
in protecting cells against oxidative stress, which is one of the major processes
contributing to aging and neurodegeneration. Preliminary findings suggest that there may be a
correlation between dairy food intake and GSH levels in the aging brain. Magnetic Resonance
Spectroscopy (MRS) measures chemicals in the brain. It is a noninvasive measure of the
effects of dairy food intake on the major protective metabolite levels in the living human
brain in aging.

This study involves using an MRI with special MRS scans to see if adequate dairy food intake
may aid in enhancing cerebral protective capacity to fight against age-related disease and
cognitive decline in the brain.

Participants will be asked to make a total of six visits to the research site. Participation
will last about 3 months.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Good general health with no concomitant diseases which could interfere with the study

- Low dairy consumption (≤ 1.5 dairy serving/day)

- Mini‐Mental State Exam (MMSE) ≥ 24

- body mass index (BMI) range: 18.5 - 35 kg/m2

Exclusion Criteria:

- Presence of any central neurological diseases or prior major head trauma with loss of
consciousness

- Presence of an active unstable and life‐threatening systemic illness (e.g., cancer)

- Presence of major psychiatric disorders within the past 3 years including depression,
anxiety, and alcohol or drug abuse

- Presence of diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome or uncontrolled hypertension

- Use of psychoactive and investigational medications

- Subjects with MRI contraindications such as pacemaker, aneurysm clips, artificial
heart valves, metal fragments, foreign objects or claustrophobia.

- Pregnancy

- Special diet regimens such as lactose free or vegan