Stress Hormones and Human Cocaine Use - 7

The goal of this study was to investigate the role of sympathetic-adrenal medullary (SAM)
and hy0pothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) systems in mediating the addictive effects of
cocaine. A toal of 6 male subjects were enrolled for this 5 day inpatient study. Subjects
were assigned to either cocaine (32mg /70kg iv) or placebo (saline iv) treatment during the
first experimental sessions and were crossed over to the alternative treatment during the
second experimental session. Endpoints that were followed during the experimental sessions
included neuroendocrine (serum epinephrine, norepinephrine and cortisol levels),
physological (heart rate/blood pressure, EKG) and subjective measures (Beck Depression
Inventory, Craving Questionnaire). We hypothesized that cocaine administration would lead to
increased blood levels of norpinephrine, epinephrine and cortisol in cocaine dependent
subjects.

Inclusion Criteria:

Males between the ages of 20-45. History of smoked or intravenous cocaine use on the
average of at least once a week over a 6 month period. Current history of good health and
normal EKG.

Exclusion Criteria:

History of suicide attempt, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or generalized anxiety
disorder. Current problem with major depressive disorder. Current use of alcohol or other
drugs on a daily basis. History of major medical illnesses. Currently on parole, probation
or a legal history of violence. Treatment for chemical dependency within the past 6
months. History of sensitivity to tricyclic compounds or other prescription drugs. Use of
any psychotropic drugs including MAOIs in the past 6 months.