Understanding the Genetic and Hereditary Basis of Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is a condition in which deposits of fat, cholesterol, and other substances
build up along the inner walls of arteries; these deposits are known as plaque. As plaque
builds up, it increases the risk of blood clots, heart attack, and stroke. Research has shown
that the risk of developing atherosclerosis can be influenced by heredity. However,
researchers have been unable to identify the specific genes associated with this risk. Single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are small genetic variations that can occur within an
individual's DNA. In this study, researchers will analyze the DNA of many individuals for
differences in SNP patterns. The goal of the study is to determine which SNP patterns are
associated with the development of atherosclerosis. The data from this study may lead to new
strategies for early identification of high risk individuals who may benefit from aggressive
treatment to prevent the development of atherosclerosis.

This study will not recruit any new participants. DNA will be collected and analyzed from
participants in two existing studies—the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in
Youth (PDAY) study and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). DNA from the PDAY
participants will be obtained from liver samples gathered during an autopsy following the
participants' deaths; DNA from the MESA participants will be obtained from blood collected
during routine study visits. There will be no additional study visits for participants, and
all DNA samples and study information will be kept confidential. Genetic testing will be
performed to determine the association between SNPs and subclinical atherosclerosis, which is
a form of the condition prior to the onset of symptoms. The study will evaluate specific
variations in SNPs and subclinical disease among different ethnic groups, which may help to
explain why certain ethnic groups have higher rates of atherosclerosis. The study will also
examine the association between SNPs and other indicators of subclinical and clinical
atherosclerosis, including the thickness of arteries, heart calcium levels, and blood
pressure levels.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Participant in PDAY or MESA