An Exploratory Study of the Use of Five Wishes as a Tool for Advanced Care Planning in Young Adults With Metastatic, Recurrent, or Progressive Cancer or HIV Infection

Background:

- Discussing end of life (EoL) care with adolescents and young adults can be one of the
most difficult aspects of living with a life threatening disease.

- Few established resources exist to aid this population in accepting and understanding
their changing physical, emotional and social needs when treatment is no longer
effective. Standards in palliative care suggest that discussion of end of life issues be
routine and commence soon after diagnosis.

- While many helpful documents exist to facilitate such conversations with adults, few
address the particular concerns and needs of adolescents and young adults.

- One advance directive (AD) document, Five Wishes, has had particular success with the
adult population because of the consideration of 'personal, emotional and spiritual
needs' in addition to medical and legal concerns.

Objective:

- To determine if adolescents and young adults living with advanced cancer or HIV disease
feel that an AD document, such as Five Wishes, is useful in addressing end of life
issues.

- To develop and perform a pilot evaluation of a modified age-appropriate advance care
planning tool for young adults and adolescents based on Five Wishes that reflects the
participants opinions on which questions they feel are most useful and additional items
that might be helpful.

Eligibility:

- Age: 16 to 30 years

- Known metastatic, progressive or recurrent cancer or HIV disease acquired perinatally or
early in life and enrolled in an active NIH treatment protocol.

Design:

-A descriptive study of attitudes of young adults (16-30 years) with cancer or HIV disease
concerning the questions contained in the AD document Five Wishes as well as a comparison
between Five Wishes and a modified version of that document.

- INCLUSION CRITERIA:

- Age: 16 to 30 years

- Patients at NIH or participating site must have 1) a diagnosis of metastatic,
recurrent, or progressive cancer with a mean survival rate of 2 years or less or 2) a
diagnosis of perinatal or early life transfusion associated HIV infection. The
treatment protocol PI or attending physician must consent to have a patient entered
into this protocol. Newly diagnosed patients must have completed at least three cycles
of chemotherapy.

- For patients less than 18 years of age, a legal guardian must provide informed consent
and the patients must sign an assent document.

- Patients greater than 18 years of age must give informed consent.

- Patients less than 18 years of age must have a score of 40 or higher on
Lanksy/Karnofsky, as determined by the medical team at the time of enrollment.

- Patients greater than 18 years of age must have a score of 3 or less on the Eastern
Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status Scale (ECOG PS) at the time of
enrollment.

- Patients must be English or Spanish speaking.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

- Presence of psychotic symptoms or severe psychological distress, which in the judgment
of the Principal or Associate Investigator, or consulting psychiatrist would
compromise the patient s ability to engage in the intervention or is likely to
interfere with the study procedures or results.

- Previously identified cognitive impairment which in the judgment of the Principal or
Associate Investigator would compromise the patient s ability to understand the Five
Wishes material or is likely to interfere with the study procedures or results.

- Clinically significant, systemic illness (serious infections or significant cardiac,
pulmonary, hepatic or other organ dysfunction) which in the judgment of the research
team would compromise the patient s ability to tolerate this study