Role of Circulating Innate Lymphoid Cells in Allergic Disorders

The first objective of this study is to determine whether blood ILC2s differ in female vs.
male allergic asthmatics. This is because females become more susceptible to asthma after
puberty and experience more severe disease as adults.

The second objective of this study is to determine whether ILC2 cells in chronic urticaria
differ from healthy controls.

There will be one shared healthy control adult subject group for comparison for objective 1
and 2.

In this study, there will be a blood draw once on 3 different adult populations aged 19-50
years: 1) Participants with mild-to moderate allergic asthma; 2) Participants with chronic
urticaria, and 3) Healthy control adult participants. Demographics and allergy indicators
will be collected from the medical chart. The investigators will acquire whole blood for
serum and acquisition of specific lymphocyte populations. There will be no intervention or
research follow up.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Adult subjects between age 19-50 years.

2. Non-smokers, defined as < 100 cigarettes in lifetime.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Female donors will be excluded if they are menopausal or have undergone total
abdominal hysterectomy and/or bilateral salpingoophorectomy

2. For female donors, blood draw cannot occur during menstrual period time. Subjects will
be excluded if they have menstrual period at timing of blood draw.

3. Current and past smokers.

4. Subjects with asthma and any other lung disease including chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, interstitial lung disease, pulmonary hypertension, sarcoidosis,
cystic fibrosis.

5. Pregnant or lactating subjects

6. Subjects with hypercalcemia (> 10.3 mg/dL), renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration
rate [GFR] < 50 mL/min/1.73m2), or malignancy.

7. Subjects with any symptoms of respiratory infection in the past 4 weeks.

8. Subjects unable to hold leukotriene modifiers or antihistamines for at least 24 hours
prior to blood draw.

9. Subjects on any immunomodulators, including omalizumab, or systemic corticosteroid in
the past 4 weeks.