Acute Aerobic Exercise and Neuroplasticity in Depression
| Status: | Completed |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | Depression, Depression |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Psychiatry / Psychology |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 18 - 50 |
| Updated: | 2/1/2019 |
| Start Date: | May 2016 |
| End Date: | December 2018 |
The Benefits of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Neuroplastic Potential in Depression
Depression is associated with a disruption in the mechanisms that regulate neuroplasticity.
Effective treatment and rehabilitation of depression, and other neurological and
neuropsychiatric disorders, relies on neuroplasticity. Thus, identifying therapies that
enhance neuroplasticity (neuroplastic adaptation) are vital in the comprehensive treatment of
depression. Aerobic exercise training has been demonstrated to have antidepressant properties
and single bouts of aerobic exercise may provide short-term improvements in affective states
in depression. Furthermore, acute aerobic exercise may enhance the response to known
neuroplasticity-inducing paradigms. However, it is unclear if aerobic exercise can influence
neuroplasticity in depression and the neurobiological mechanisms underlying acute
neuroplastic changes are not well understood in depressed and healthy cohorts. Thus, the
purpose of this project is to examine the acute effects of aerobic exercise on neuroplastic,
neurobiological, and mood indices of depression.
Effective treatment and rehabilitation of depression, and other neurological and
neuropsychiatric disorders, relies on neuroplasticity. Thus, identifying therapies that
enhance neuroplasticity (neuroplastic adaptation) are vital in the comprehensive treatment of
depression. Aerobic exercise training has been demonstrated to have antidepressant properties
and single bouts of aerobic exercise may provide short-term improvements in affective states
in depression. Furthermore, acute aerobic exercise may enhance the response to known
neuroplasticity-inducing paradigms. However, it is unclear if aerobic exercise can influence
neuroplasticity in depression and the neurobiological mechanisms underlying acute
neuroplastic changes are not well understood in depressed and healthy cohorts. Thus, the
purpose of this project is to examine the acute effects of aerobic exercise on neuroplastic,
neurobiological, and mood indices of depression.
The investigators will determine the effects of exercising at two different intensities
(compared to a control non-exercise condition) on neuroplastic potential in depressed and
non-depressed subjects. To accomplish this aim, the investigators will have subjects ride a
cycle ergometer at intensities set to elicit 35% (low) and 70% (high) of heart rate reserve
(((220 - age) - resting heart rate) x 35% or 70%) + resting heart rate). Prior to, and
immediately after exercise participants will have their neuroplastic potential tested via
transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), blood specimens sampled, and mood changes assessed
(methods detailed below). These assessments will occur at these time points and then every 15
minutes for 1 hour after exercise.
Neuroplastic potential will be assessed using TMS. TMS-induced motor evoked potentials
(MEP's) will be recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis as a way to measure changes in the
excitability of the corticospinal tract in response to exercise and paired associative
stimulation. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cortisol levels will be
obtained through blood specimen samples in order to examine the potential exercise-induced
changes in known stress- and neuroplasticity-related biomarkers. Mood and affect will be
surveyed using the Activation-Deactivation Checklist (AD ACL), feeling scale (FS), and felt
arousal scale (FAS). These measures will permit the assessment of exercise-induced changes in
mood and affect.
(compared to a control non-exercise condition) on neuroplastic potential in depressed and
non-depressed subjects. To accomplish this aim, the investigators will have subjects ride a
cycle ergometer at intensities set to elicit 35% (low) and 70% (high) of heart rate reserve
(((220 - age) - resting heart rate) x 35% or 70%) + resting heart rate). Prior to, and
immediately after exercise participants will have their neuroplastic potential tested via
transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), blood specimens sampled, and mood changes assessed
(methods detailed below). These assessments will occur at these time points and then every 15
minutes for 1 hour after exercise.
Neuroplastic potential will be assessed using TMS. TMS-induced motor evoked potentials
(MEP's) will be recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis as a way to measure changes in the
excitability of the corticospinal tract in response to exercise and paired associative
stimulation. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cortisol levels will be
obtained through blood specimen samples in order to examine the potential exercise-induced
changes in known stress- and neuroplasticity-related biomarkers. Mood and affect will be
surveyed using the Activation-Deactivation Checklist (AD ACL), feeling scale (FS), and felt
arousal scale (FAS). These measures will permit the assessment of exercise-induced changes in
mood and affect.
Inclusion Criteria:
For all:
1. age 18-50 year old.
2. ability to provide informed consent.
Further inclusion criteria for participants with depression:
1. meets criteria for unipolar depression assessed using the Mini-international
Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)
2. a Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score of 20 or greater
3. current depressive episode began no longer than 3 years earlier
4. psychoactive drug free or have maintained a stable dose of up to one antidepressant
medication for four weeks prior to study participation
Further inclusion criteria for control participants:
1. does not meet criteria for unipolar depression assessed using the MINI
2. a MADRS score of 6 or less
3. no history or previous diagnosis of depression
Exclusion Criteria (for all participants):
- primary diagnosis of another Axis 1 disorder
- secondary diagnosis of a psychotic disorder, cognitive disorder, substance-related
disorder, or obsessive compulsive disorder
- illicit drug use or alcohol abuse
- current smoker
- history of seizures
- other diagnosed neurological or musculoskeletal disorder/injury, uncontrolled
cardiovascular or metabolic disease
- resting blood pressure > 200mmHg systolic or 100mmHg diastolic
- electronic or metal implants
- current participation in a structured exercise program
- pregnancy
We found this trial at
1
site
169 Ashley Avenue
Charleston, South Carolina 29425
Charleston, South Carolina 29425
Principal Investigator: Chris Gregory, P.T., Ph.D.
Phone: 843-792-3477
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