Organized Self-management Support for Chronic Depression

This study aims to adapt and pilot test two core elements of an organized care program
(systematic telephone outreach and monitoring to improve quality and continuity of
pharmacotherapy, and structured psychoeducational group programs focused on patient
activation and self-management) in a population-based sample of patients with chronic or
recurrent depression. Two forms of group self-management training will be evaluated: a
Peer-Led Chronic Disease Self-Management Group (after that developed by Lorig and colleagues)
and a Therapist-Led Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Group. Approximately 100 patients with
chronic or recurrent depression were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: 1) usual
care; 2) phone care management; 3) phone care management plus peer-led self-management group;
or 4) phone care management plus therapist-led CBT group. Blinded assessments will examine
clinical outcomes (SCL depression score, depression diagnosis by SCID), functional outcomes,
and process variables (self-efficacy for managing depression, use of coping strategies) over
12 months. If patients choose not to participate in treatment, reasons for dropout were
assessed. The data collected will provide:1) an evaluation of the feasibility and
acceptability (including recruitment, intervention uptake and continued participation) of the
intervention programs; 2) preliminary evaluation of effectiveness, i.e., the effects of each
intervention on patient outcomes and process of care; and 3) information to inform the design
and implementation of a full-scale effectiveness trial (refinement of intervention programs
and measurement strategy, necessary sample size).

Inclusion Criteria:

- history of at least one major depression in the last two years

- history of recurent major depression or dysthymia

- significant residual symptoms after 6 months of treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

- history of mania or hypomania

- cognitive impairment

- near-terminal medical illness

- intent to disenroll from health plan

emergent clinical needs