Safety Planning Intervention to Reduce Short Term Risk

There is a pressing need for improved acute care setting suicide prevention interventions.
The Safety Planning Intervention (SPI) is a protocol driven, brief suicide prevention
strategy that is a good fit for acute care settings (i.e., emergency departments (ED) and
inpatient units). The SPI involves a clinician working collaboratively with the patient to
build a personalized safety plan that is documented using a templated paper form and includes
warning sign identification, means restriction and personalized strategies to deescalate a
suicide crisis. It is easy to learn and administer, acceptable to patients, brief, firmly
rooted in an empirical base and has preliminary studies supporting its feasibility and
potential to impact patient outcomes, including suicidal behavior and treatment engagement.
However, while it is being adopted widely, it lacks a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to
definitively determine its efficacy. The purpose of this study to conduct a randomized
control trial of the Safety Planning Intervention (SPI) compared with receiving risk factors
and warning sign information (RWI) in acute care settings.

All participants in this study will complete some baseline assessments, following which they
will be randomly assigned to one of two study conditions: Safety Plan Intervention (SPI) or
receiving risk factors and warning sign information (RWI). If assigned to SPI, participants
will receive the assigned intervention by the research clinician. They will receive a paper
copy of their safety plan while in the ED or on the inpatient unit and a back-up copy will be
sent approximately 1 week after discharge to participants. For RWI participants, ED and
inpatient unit care will be delivered as usual, with the addition of a printed information
sheet listing suicide risk factors and crisis hotlines. In addition to the baseline
assessment, multi-method outcome assessment will be conducted at 1, 3, and 6 months. This
will include telephone evaluations by a blinded assessor (not the research clinician),
medical record review, and vital statistics registry review.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Presented for an acute care visit within 8 weeks of a suicide attempt, interrupted or
aborted attempt, or suicidal ideation with intent and plan within 4 weeks.

2. Are 18 years of age or older

3. Able to speak and read English

4. Able to understand the nature of the study, provide written informed consent, and
complete study procedures

5. Have been evaluated by a health care professional who provides permission for research
staff to approach the patient.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Under 18 years of age

2. Cannot speak or read English

3. Unable to understand the nature of the study, provide written informed consent, or
complete study procedures

4. Unable or unwilling to provide a personal phone number for follow up purposes.