Vascular Aging in Flight Attendants With Occupational Secondhand Smoke Exposure
| Status: | Suspended |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | Smoking Cessation |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Pulmonary / Respiratory Diseases |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 40 - Any |
| Updated: | 2/17/2019 |
| Start Date: | February 2016 |
| End Date: | December 2019 |
Specific Aim 1. Characterize the long-term effects of secondhand smoke (SHS) on vascular
health in pre-ban flight attendants (FAs). Investigators will measure arterial stiffness
(pulse wave velocity and augmentation index) and endothelial dysfunction (reactive hyperemia
index) in the pre-ban FA cases, and compare to the cardiovascular risk-factor matched
Framingham controls.
It is hypothesized that pre-ban FA cases have increased arterial stiffness (higher pulse wave
velocity and higher augmentation index) and increased endothelial dysfunction (lower reactive
hyperemia index) compared to Framingham controls.
Specific Aim 2. Determine the extent in which remote pre-ban SHS exposure (hours) is
associated with increased arterial stiffness or endothelial dysfunction.
Investigators hypothesize that pre-ban SHS exposure is positively associated with both
increased arterial stiffness and increased endothelial dysfunction.
Specific Aim 3. Investigators will calculate the cardiovascular risk scores (Framingham,
Reynolds, and ASCVD) by using subjects' age, blood pressure, family history, lipid panel, and
highly sensitive C-reactive protein. Investigators will explore the association of the risk
scores with measures of vascular aging (arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction).
These scores do not include SHS exposure. Investigators will also test the additive value of
SHS exposure in increasing arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction using the risk
scores as an adjustment value.
It is hypothesized that the cardiovascular risk scores are associated with vascular aging
(arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction), and that the association between SHS
exposure and vascular aging remains significant after adjusting for the cardiovascular risk
scores.
The significance of this proposal and impact will be (1) mechanistic insights into how remote
SHS exposure leads to hypertension and vascular stiffness, (2) increased understanding of how
SHS exposure can increase risk of cardiovascular disease, which is the number one cause of
death in the United States.
health in pre-ban flight attendants (FAs). Investigators will measure arterial stiffness
(pulse wave velocity and augmentation index) and endothelial dysfunction (reactive hyperemia
index) in the pre-ban FA cases, and compare to the cardiovascular risk-factor matched
Framingham controls.
It is hypothesized that pre-ban FA cases have increased arterial stiffness (higher pulse wave
velocity and higher augmentation index) and increased endothelial dysfunction (lower reactive
hyperemia index) compared to Framingham controls.
Specific Aim 2. Determine the extent in which remote pre-ban SHS exposure (hours) is
associated with increased arterial stiffness or endothelial dysfunction.
Investigators hypothesize that pre-ban SHS exposure is positively associated with both
increased arterial stiffness and increased endothelial dysfunction.
Specific Aim 3. Investigators will calculate the cardiovascular risk scores (Framingham,
Reynolds, and ASCVD) by using subjects' age, blood pressure, family history, lipid panel, and
highly sensitive C-reactive protein. Investigators will explore the association of the risk
scores with measures of vascular aging (arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction).
These scores do not include SHS exposure. Investigators will also test the additive value of
SHS exposure in increasing arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction using the risk
scores as an adjustment value.
It is hypothesized that the cardiovascular risk scores are associated with vascular aging
(arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction), and that the association between SHS
exposure and vascular aging remains significant after adjusting for the cardiovascular risk
scores.
The significance of this proposal and impact will be (1) mechanistic insights into how remote
SHS exposure leads to hypertension and vascular stiffness, (2) increased understanding of how
SHS exposure can increase risk of cardiovascular disease, which is the number one cause of
death in the United States.
The investigators propose a cohort study, in which investigators will assess for evidence of
accelerated vascular aging in 300 pre-ban FAs with pre-ban SHS exposure, and compare their
vascular measures of arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction to those of age and
risk-factor matched Framingham controls. It is hypothesized that pre-ban FAs have increased
arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction compared to the Framingham subjects, related
to SHS exposure.
accelerated vascular aging in 300 pre-ban FAs with pre-ban SHS exposure, and compare their
vascular measures of arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction to those of age and
risk-factor matched Framingham controls. It is hypothesized that pre-ban FAs have increased
arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction compared to the Framingham subjects, related
to SHS exposure.
Inclusion Criteria:
- 40 years of age and older;
- Flight attendant, including current or past employment with the airlines;
- Non-smoking flight attendant (current and prior, defined as smoking <100 cigarettes in
your lifetime);
- Exposed to secondhand tobacco smoke for at least one year, while working on the
aircrafts
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of Raynaud's syndrome
- Had mastectomy or arm/hand abnormality in which blood pressure cannot be measured on
the arm
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