Prospective, Comparitive, Randomized Study of Allograft Versus Skin Substitute in Non-healing Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Diabetes affects at least 9% of the population, or approximately 29 million people in the
United States. Lower extremity ulcers are a serious complication for people with diabetes.
Diabetic foot-related problems are the most frequent cause of hospitalization within this
group and it is estimated that the total cost for treatment ranges from $10,000 to nearly
$60,000 depending on ulcer severity and clinical outcomes. While many diabetic foot ulcers
are superficial and can heal with conservative treatment, many are more severe and
recalcitrant to standard of care (SOC). About a quarter of individuals with diabetes will
develop a chronic non-healing ulcer over their lifetime and nearly 60 of every 10,000
individuals with diabetes will undergo a lower extremity amputation. Holzer and associates
conducted a retrospective analysis of the costs for lower extremity ulcers in patients with
diabetes and concluded that, given the high costs associated with treating these ulcers, the
development of better treatment strategies is warranted. One such development in the
treatment of chronic wounds is the use of amniotic membrane grafts. These materials have been
used successfully for many years in the treatment of orthopedic, plastic/reconstructive, and
urological applications. Initial studies have demonstrated the great success of amnionic
membrane graft in the healing of chronic diabetic foot ulcers and it is believed that these
grafts may be superior to older, more common skin substitutes.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male or female age 18 or older

2. Informed consent must be obtained

3. Patient's ulcer must be diabetic in origin and larger than 1cm2. Debridement will be
done prior to randomization. Subject's informed consent for participating in this
study, must be obtained prior to proceeding with sharp debridement.

4. Patients with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes (criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes
mellitus per ADA).

5. Ulcer must be present for a minimum of four weeks duration, with documented failure of
prior treatment to heal the wound.

6. Patient's ulcer must exhibit no clinical signs of infection.

7. Wound must be present anatomically on the foot as defined by beginning below the
malleoli of the ankle

8. Additional wounds may be present but not within 3cm of the study wound

9. Patient is of legal consenting age.

10. Patient is willing to provide informed consent and is willing to participate in all
procedures and follow up evaluations necessary to complete the study.

11. Serum Creatinine less then 3.0mg/dl.

12. HbA1c less than 12% taken prior to randomization .

13. Patient has adequate circulation to the affected extremity, as demonstrated by one of
the following within the past 90 days:

1. Dorsum transcutaneous oxygen test (TcPO2) with results ≥30mmHg, OR

2. ABIs with results of ≥0.7 and ≤1.2, OR

3. Doppler arterial waveforms, which are triphasic or biphasic at the ankle of
affected leg

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients presenting with an ulcer probing to bone (UT Grade IIIA-D). A positive
probe-to-bone will be confirmed when bone or joint can be felt with a sterile,
ophthalmological probe.

2. Patients whose index diabetic foot ulcers are greater than 25cm2.

3. Patients considered not in reasonable metabolic control, confirmed by an HbA1c greater
than 12% within previous 90 days.

4. Patients whose serum creatinine levels are 3.0mg/dl or greater as noted by serum blood
testing within the last six months.

5. Patients with a known history of poor compliance with medical treatments.

6 Patients who are presently participating in another clinical trial.

7. Patients who are currently receiving radiation therapy or chemotherapy.

8. Patients with known or suspected local skin malignancy to the index diabetic ulcer.

9. Patients on anticoagulant medication will as in any surgical procedure, be monitored
according to the protocols employed at the enrolling center.

10. Patients with uncontrolled autoimmune connective tissues diseases.

11. Non-revascularizable surgical sites.

12. Active infection at site.

13. Any pathology that would limit the blood supply and compromise healing.

14. Patients that have received a biomedical or topical growth factor for their wound
within the previous 30 days.

15. Patient who are pregnant or breast feeding .

16. Patient who are taking medications that are considered immune system modulator.

17. Patient taking a cox-2 inhibitor.

18. Patient with wounds healing greater then 20% during the screening period.