The Influence of Breakfast on Hormone Responses and Cognitive Performance
| Status: | Recruiting |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | Endocrine |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Endocrinology |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 13 - 18 |
| Updated: | 1/31/2019 |
| Start Date: | June 2016 |
| End Date: | March 2020 |
| Contact: | Jarreau Chen, M.D. |
| Email: | jarchen@montefiore.org |
| Phone: | 7189208193 |
The Influence of Breakfast on Hormone Responses and Cognitive Performance, as Assessed by CTET in Lean and Obese Adolescent Males
The purpose of this study is to see what effect skipping breakfast versus consuming breakfast
has on cognitive performance and the hormones responsible for glucose homeostasis in lean and
obese adolescent males. The subjects will be tested on their ability to maintain attention
when given several tasks called continuous temporal expectancy tasks (CTET) and
electrophysiological signals using electroencephalogram (EEG) will be monitored. These two
study groups will be randomized to one of two orders: (A,B) or (B,A) where A = breakfast
intervention and B = no breakfast. There will be a washout period of 7 days in between study
visits.
has on cognitive performance and the hormones responsible for glucose homeostasis in lean and
obese adolescent males. The subjects will be tested on their ability to maintain attention
when given several tasks called continuous temporal expectancy tasks (CTET) and
electrophysiological signals using electroencephalogram (EEG) will be monitored. These two
study groups will be randomized to one of two orders: (A,B) or (B,A) where A = breakfast
intervention and B = no breakfast. There will be a washout period of 7 days in between study
visits.
Eating unhealthy foods and not exercising regularly contributes to obesity in children. Other
unhealthy behaviors, such as skipping meals can also lead to obesity. Breakfast is known to
be the most important meal of the day, yet many people skip breakfast. Skipping breakfast can
cause an imbalance in the hormones that control blood glucose.
Skipping breakfast can affect how well insulin works at lowering blood glucose at later meal
times. The impact of breakfast on glucose homeostasis is different from that of lunch and
dinner. This became evident when a group of researchers studied the effect of skipping
breakfast on hormone responses after subsequent isocaloric lunch and dinner in adults with
Type 2 diabetes. The study showed that in Type 2 diabetics, skipping breakfast leads to
increased post-prandial hyperglycemia and decreased glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) release,
impairing the insulin response to hyperglycemia. Plasma free fatty acids (FFA) levels were
found to be significantly higher after lunch and dinner when breakfast was omitted. It has
been shown that acute elevation of FFA induces hepatic insulin resistance and increased
hepatic glucose production in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and in non-diabetic
controls. Impaired insulin secretion can predispose to conditions such as obesity, and other
diseases.
Skipping breakfast can also have a negative effect on children's ability to keep focus and
attention. The CTET is a tool that can be used to directly measure attention using an EEG and
is a highly sensitive measure of neural processing.
unhealthy behaviors, such as skipping meals can also lead to obesity. Breakfast is known to
be the most important meal of the day, yet many people skip breakfast. Skipping breakfast can
cause an imbalance in the hormones that control blood glucose.
Skipping breakfast can affect how well insulin works at lowering blood glucose at later meal
times. The impact of breakfast on glucose homeostasis is different from that of lunch and
dinner. This became evident when a group of researchers studied the effect of skipping
breakfast on hormone responses after subsequent isocaloric lunch and dinner in adults with
Type 2 diabetes. The study showed that in Type 2 diabetics, skipping breakfast leads to
increased post-prandial hyperglycemia and decreased glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) release,
impairing the insulin response to hyperglycemia. Plasma free fatty acids (FFA) levels were
found to be significantly higher after lunch and dinner when breakfast was omitted. It has
been shown that acute elevation of FFA induces hepatic insulin resistance and increased
hepatic glucose production in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and in non-diabetic
controls. Impaired insulin secretion can predispose to conditions such as obesity, and other
diseases.
Skipping breakfast can also have a negative effect on children's ability to keep focus and
attention. The CTET is a tool that can be used to directly measure attention using an EEG and
is a highly sensitive measure of neural processing.
Inclusion Criteria:
1. Healthy males
2. No history of neurological or psychiatric illness, including major depressive disorder
and attention deficit disorder.
3. Normal or corrected vision using the Snellen chart
4. Normal hearing
5. BMI greater than or equal to 95th percentile according to CDC growth charts
6. HbA1C less than or equal to 5.6%
7. Hemoglobin level of greater or equal to 12g/dL
Exclusion Criteria:
1. History of chronic illness and chronic use of medications that affect cognitive or
glucose metabolism
2. History of substance, nicotine or alcohol dependence as assessed by CRAFFT
questionnaire
3. History of eating disorder as assessed by the SCOFF questionnaire.
4. Developmental delay
5. Hearing and vision problems as assessed by the Snellen chart
6. Previous history of bariatric surgery
7. Currently taking supplements or medications indicated for weight loss
8. Previous history of head injury associated with loss of consciousness for several
minutes
9. History of Epilepsy
10. Allergy to any of the foods used for the test breakfasts
The inclusion and exclusion criteria for lean subjects will be identical to that of obese
subjects with the exception that the lean subjects will be less than or equal to the 85th
percentile for BMI, according to CDC growth charts.
We found this trial at
1
site
Bronx, New York 10467
Phone: 718-920-4664
Click here to add this to my saved trials
