Effect of Kale Consumption on Human Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes
| Status: | Completed |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | Healthy Studies |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Other |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 21 - 75 |
| Updated: | 9/14/2018 |
| Start Date: | April 18, 2018 |
| End Date: | August 1, 2018 |
The primary objective of this study is to determine how daily consumption of kale changes the
activity of human xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Secondary objectives are to measure
absorption and metabolism of kale phytonutrients, and to determine how kale consumption
affects gene expression related to metabolism and lipid measures associated with
cardiovascular health.
activity of human xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Secondary objectives are to measure
absorption and metabolism of kale phytonutrients, and to determine how kale consumption
affects gene expression related to metabolism and lipid measures associated with
cardiovascular health.
Consumption of Brassica vegetables (which include broccoli, cabbage, and kale) is inversely
associated with the incidence of several cancers, including cancers of the lung, stomach,
liver, colon, rectum, breast, endometrium, and ovaries. Brassica vegetables are a good source
of many nutrients, but the unique characteristic of Brassicas is their rich content of
glucosinolates. Glucosinolates are sulfur-containing compounds that are converted to
bioactive metabolites by a plant enzyme called myrosinase, which is released when the
vesicles containing myrosinase are ruptured by chewing or cutting. These bioactive compounds
are considered to be the active agent for cancer prevention. Their ability to reduce risk of
cancer may derive in part from their ability to modulate foreign-substance metabolizing
enzymes, which include enzymes called Phase I cytochrome P450s and Phase II enzymes.
The primary aim of this study is to investigate how daily consumption of kale influences
foreign-substance metabolizing enzymes, which in turn may reduce cancer risk. Secondary aims
of this study include measuring metabolism of kale nutrients, effect of kale consumption on
fecal microbiota, and how kale consumption influences risk factors for cardiovascular
disease.
associated with the incidence of several cancers, including cancers of the lung, stomach,
liver, colon, rectum, breast, endometrium, and ovaries. Brassica vegetables are a good source
of many nutrients, but the unique characteristic of Brassicas is their rich content of
glucosinolates. Glucosinolates are sulfur-containing compounds that are converted to
bioactive metabolites by a plant enzyme called myrosinase, which is released when the
vesicles containing myrosinase are ruptured by chewing or cutting. These bioactive compounds
are considered to be the active agent for cancer prevention. Their ability to reduce risk of
cancer may derive in part from their ability to modulate foreign-substance metabolizing
enzymes, which include enzymes called Phase I cytochrome P450s and Phase II enzymes.
The primary aim of this study is to investigate how daily consumption of kale influences
foreign-substance metabolizing enzymes, which in turn may reduce cancer risk. Secondary aims
of this study include measuring metabolism of kale nutrients, effect of kale consumption on
fecal microbiota, and how kale consumption influences risk factors for cardiovascular
disease.
Inclusion Criteria:
- 5 years cancer free
- Not a tobacco product user
- Blood glucose less than 126 mg/dL
- Able to voluntarily agree to participate and sign an informed consent document
Exclusion Criteria:
- Brassica vegetable allergy or intolerance
- use of oral contraceptives
- Women who have given birth in the previous 12 months
- Type 2 diabetes requiring the use of diabetes pills, insulin, or non-insulin shots
- Use of blood-thinning medications such as Coumadin (warfarin), Dicumarol, or Miradon
(anisindione)
- History of bariatric surgery or nutrient malabsorption disease
- Pregnant, lactating, or intending to become pregnant during the study period
- Crohn's disease or diverticulitis
- Suspected or known strictures, fistulas or physiological/mechanical GI obstruction
- Self-report of alcohol or substance abuse within the past 12 months and/or current
acute treatment or rehabilitation program for these problems (long-term participation
in Alcoholics Anonymous is not an exclusion)
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