Effects of Red Beetroot Juice on High-Fat Meal-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction and Cardiometabolic Disturbances
| Status: | Active, not recruiting |
|---|---|
| Conditions: | Healthy Studies, Obesity Weight Loss, Women's Studies |
| Therapuetic Areas: | Endocrinology, Other, Reproductive |
| Healthy: | No |
| Age Range: | 40 - 65 |
| Updated: | 11/14/2018 |
| Start Date: | November 2016 |
| End Date: | June 2019 |
Acute and Chronic Effects of Red Beetroot Juice on High-Fat Meal-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction and Cardiometabolic Disturbances
Aside from aging, numerous factors increase the risk for developing cardiovascular disease
(CVD) including diet and nutrition. High-fat meal consumption induces postprandial vascular
endothelial dysfunction and other cardiometabolic disturbances (e.g. dyslipidemia and
hyperglycemia) in normal weight individuals and is exacerbated in overweight/obese
individuals. These postprandial responses are likely largely due to activation of
pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant pathways. Given that much of the day is spent in the
postprandial state, this may further impair cardiovascular health in aging overweight/obese
individuals. Interventions that attenuate these responses are needed. Red beetroot (Beta
vulgaris L.) is an excellent source of bioactive compounds including nitrate, flavonoids,
phenolic acids, betalains, carotenoids, and ascorbic acid. These bioactive compounds and
their metabolites have been shown to have antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and
cardiovascular-protective effects. These effects, particularly the cardiovascular-protective
effects, have been primarily attributed to its high content of nitrate since it is converted
to nitric oxide independent of the vascular endothelium via the enterosalivary
nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway. However, red beetroot juice contains a number of other
potentially beneficial bioactive compounds and few studies have aimed to determine whether
these compounds work independently, additively, or synergistically in exerting these effects.
Given the findings of previously conducted research in the broad area of red beetroot juice
consumption and human health, it can be suggested that: 1) acute red beetroot juice
consumption may prevent or attenuate the adverse postprandial responses to consuming a
high-fat meal in individuals with exaggerated responses; and 2) chronic consumption of red
beetroot may improve underlying factors contributing to these exaggerated responses.
Accordingly, this project aims to: 1) investigate the efficacy of acute and chronic whole red
beetroot juice consumption compared with its bioactive components in attenuating postprandial
vascular endothelial dysfunction and adverse cardiometabolic responses to a high-fat meal;
and 2) to gain insight into the underlying mechanisms responsible.
(CVD) including diet and nutrition. High-fat meal consumption induces postprandial vascular
endothelial dysfunction and other cardiometabolic disturbances (e.g. dyslipidemia and
hyperglycemia) in normal weight individuals and is exacerbated in overweight/obese
individuals. These postprandial responses are likely largely due to activation of
pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant pathways. Given that much of the day is spent in the
postprandial state, this may further impair cardiovascular health in aging overweight/obese
individuals. Interventions that attenuate these responses are needed. Red beetroot (Beta
vulgaris L.) is an excellent source of bioactive compounds including nitrate, flavonoids,
phenolic acids, betalains, carotenoids, and ascorbic acid. These bioactive compounds and
their metabolites have been shown to have antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and
cardiovascular-protective effects. These effects, particularly the cardiovascular-protective
effects, have been primarily attributed to its high content of nitrate since it is converted
to nitric oxide independent of the vascular endothelium via the enterosalivary
nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway. However, red beetroot juice contains a number of other
potentially beneficial bioactive compounds and few studies have aimed to determine whether
these compounds work independently, additively, or synergistically in exerting these effects.
Given the findings of previously conducted research in the broad area of red beetroot juice
consumption and human health, it can be suggested that: 1) acute red beetroot juice
consumption may prevent or attenuate the adverse postprandial responses to consuming a
high-fat meal in individuals with exaggerated responses; and 2) chronic consumption of red
beetroot may improve underlying factors contributing to these exaggerated responses.
Accordingly, this project aims to: 1) investigate the efficacy of acute and chronic whole red
beetroot juice consumption compared with its bioactive components in attenuating postprandial
vascular endothelial dysfunction and adverse cardiometabolic responses to a high-fat meal;
and 2) to gain insight into the underlying mechanisms responsible.
This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 4-period, 4-week crossover pilot
clinical trial consisting of 2 postprandial tests for each period. Overweight or obese
postmenopausal women and men aged 40 to 65 will be recruited from the greater Fort Collins,
CO area. After telephone prescreening, participants will report to the study site for their
first visit (Screening) where they will receive verbal and written explanation of the
project, provide informed consent, followed by screening assessments. Qualified participants
will be scheduled for a baseline visit and randomly assigned to their respective treatments.
On the second visit (Baseline) following an overnight fast, anthropometrics and blood
pressure will be measured and diet and physical activity records will be collected. Subjects
will ingest their respective treatment 10 min prior to consuming the high-fat test meal.
Various assessments will be performed and samples collected prior to and up to 4 hours
post-meal consumption. At the third visit (Final), all assessments and sample collections
will be repeated at the same time points but 24 hours after consuming the last dose of their
respective treatments to test chronic rather than acute effects. Subjects will undergo a
4-week washout period before crossing over to the next treatment period. This will be
repeated for all 4 treatments.
clinical trial consisting of 2 postprandial tests for each period. Overweight or obese
postmenopausal women and men aged 40 to 65 will be recruited from the greater Fort Collins,
CO area. After telephone prescreening, participants will report to the study site for their
first visit (Screening) where they will receive verbal and written explanation of the
project, provide informed consent, followed by screening assessments. Qualified participants
will be scheduled for a baseline visit and randomly assigned to their respective treatments.
On the second visit (Baseline) following an overnight fast, anthropometrics and blood
pressure will be measured and diet and physical activity records will be collected. Subjects
will ingest their respective treatment 10 min prior to consuming the high-fat test meal.
Various assessments will be performed and samples collected prior to and up to 4 hours
post-meal consumption. At the third visit (Final), all assessments and sample collections
will be repeated at the same time points but 24 hours after consuming the last dose of their
respective treatments to test chronic rather than acute effects. Subjects will undergo a
4-week washout period before crossing over to the next treatment period. This will be
repeated for all 4 treatments.
Inclusion Criteria:
- Postmenopausal women and men
- BMI between 25 and 40 kg/m2
Exclusion Criteria:
- Hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, or kidney, liver, or
pancreatic disease
- Individuals taking gastroesophageal reflux, antihypertensive, hypoglycemic,
lipid-lowering, hormone replacement, erectile dysfunction medications or nitrates
- Participating in a weight loss program or actively trying to lose weight
- Smokers
- Heavy drinkers (> 3 drinks on any given occasion and/or > 7 drinks/week for women, or
> 4 drinks on any given occasion and/or > 14 drinks/week for men)
- Allergy to meals/treatments
- Consuming > 2 servings red beetroot or beetroot juice/wk
We found this trial at
1
site
11220 US Highway 30
Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
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