Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Ceftaroline in Children and Adolescents With Cystic Fibrosis

This is an open-label, single center, prospective study of patients with a diagnosis of
cystic fibrosis (CF) and a history of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA),
also known as oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA), being treated with
intravenous ceftaroline. Patients will have intravenous ceftaroline dosed according to
current recommendations based upon its approved usage in pediatric patients for community
acquired pneumonia. The investigators will analyze pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic
(PD) data using serum concentrations of ceftaroline measured at various time-points following
infusion of ceftaroline to develop PK/PD guided dosing strategies of ceftaroline in pediatric
CF patients that would be tailored to account for bacterial susceptibility and disease
progression and determine if current dosing regimes used are appropriate for this patient
population.

Blood samples will be collected prior to infusion of ceftaroline and at approximately 1 hour
(+/- 10 minutes), 1.5 hours (+/- 10 minutes), 3 hours (+/- 30 minutes), and 6 hours (+/- 30
minutes) after initiation of infusion. The blood samples (0.5 to 1 ml) will be collected
through intravenous access, venipuncture, or capillary blood puncture. Samples will be
centrifuged at 1500g at 4°C for 15 minutes within 15 minutes of collection. Serum will be
separated into two aliquots of a minimum of 0.2 mL and stored at -70°C until analysis.
Determination of serum ceftaroline concentrations will be measured using high-performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with ultraviolet (UV) detection.

Key clinical data (PK/PD) that will be collected includes age, sex, genotype, growth
parameters, airway microbiology, sweat chloride values, pulmonary function test (FEV1),
concomitant medications, and comorbid disorders (i.e.: CF related diabetes, CF liver disease,
short gut, renal dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, coagulopathy).

Inclusion Criteria:

- Cystic Fibrosis diagnosis on accepted Cystic Fibrosis Foundation guidelines

- Inpatient

- Decision by treating physician to use intravenous ceftaroline

Exclusion Criteria:

- less than 2 years old

- 22 years of age or older

- less than 15 kg weight

- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) > 5 fold upper
limit of normal

- Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) > 3 fold above upper limit of normal

- Total bilirubin > 2 mg/dL

- Platelets < 50,000

- Patients without documented CF

- Non-English speaking patients/families